diff --git a/callback_create.go b/callback_create.go
index 750ddab9..5e51e6d9 100644
--- a/callback_create.go
+++ b/callback_create.go
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ func Create(scope *Scope) {
 		var sqls, columns []string
 
 		for _, field := range scope.Fields() {
-			if len(field.SqlTag) > 0 && !field.IsIgnored && (!field.IsPrimaryKey || !scope.PrimaryKeyZero()) {
+			if field.IsNormal && (!field.IsPrimaryKey || !scope.PrimaryKeyZero()) {
 				columns = append(columns, scope.Quote(field.DBName))
 				sqls = append(sqls, scope.AddToVars(field.Value))
 			}
diff --git a/callback_update.go b/callback_update.go
index 805cd7c6..36654281 100644
--- a/callback_update.go
+++ b/callback_update.go
@@ -25,16 +25,14 @@ func AssignUpdateAttributes(scope *Scope) {
 }
 
 func BeforeUpdate(scope *Scope) {
-	_, ok := scope.Get("gorm:update_column")
-	if !ok {
+	if _, ok := scope.Get("gorm:update_column"); !ok {
 		scope.CallMethod("BeforeSave")
 		scope.CallMethod("BeforeUpdate")
 	}
 }
 
 func UpdateTimeStampWhenUpdate(scope *Scope) {
-	_, ok := scope.Get("gorm:update_column")
-	if !ok {
+	if _, ok := scope.Get("gorm:update_column"); !ok {
 		scope.SetColumn("UpdatedAt", NowFunc())
 	}
 }
@@ -50,7 +48,7 @@ func Update(scope *Scope) {
 			}
 		} else {
 			for _, field := range scope.Fields() {
-				if !field.IsPrimaryKey && len(field.SqlTag) > 0 && !field.IsIgnored {
+				if !field.IsPrimaryKey && field.IsNormal && !field.IsIgnored {
 					sqls = append(sqls, fmt.Sprintf("%v = %v", scope.Quote(field.DBName), scope.AddToVars(field.Value)))
 				}
 			}
diff --git a/field.go b/field.go
index 9e9e6660..6ff0cfb7 100644
--- a/field.go
+++ b/field.go
@@ -19,8 +19,8 @@ type Field struct {
 	Field        reflect.Value
 	Value        interface{}
 	Tag          reflect.StructTag
-	SqlTag       string
 	Relationship *relationship
+	IsNormal     bool
 	IsBlank      bool
 	IsIgnored    bool
 	IsPrimaryKey bool
diff --git a/scope.go b/scope.go
index b36669da..bd853ca2 100644
--- a/scope.go
+++ b/scope.go
@@ -95,7 +95,20 @@ func (scope *Scope) PrimaryKey() string {
 		return scope.primaryKey
 	}
 
-	scope.primaryKey = ToSnake(GetPrimaryKey(scope.Value))
+	var indirectValue = scope.IndirectValue()
+
+	clone := scope
+	if indirectValue.Kind() == reflect.Slice {
+		clone = scope.New(reflect.New(indirectValue.Type().Elem()).Elem().Interface())
+	}
+
+	for _, field := range clone.Fields() {
+		if field.IsPrimaryKey {
+			scope.primaryKey = field.DBName
+			break
+		}
+	}
+
 	return scope.primaryKey
 }
 
@@ -130,8 +143,12 @@ func (scope *Scope) SetColumn(column string, value interface{}) bool {
 	if scope.Value == nil {
 		return false
 	}
-
-	return setFieldValue(scope.IndirectValue().FieldByName(SnakeToUpperCamel(column)), value)
+	for _, field := range scope.Fields() {
+		if field.Name == column || field.DBName == column {
+			return setFieldValue(field.Field, value)
+		}
+	}
+	return false
 }
 
 // CallMethod invoke method with necessary argument
@@ -262,13 +279,19 @@ func (scope *Scope) fieldFromStruct(fieldStruct reflect.StructField) []*Field {
 
 	// Search for primary key tag identifier
 	settings := parseTagSetting(fieldStruct.Tag.Get("gorm"))
-
-	if scope.PrimaryKey() == field.DBName {
+	if _, ok := settings["PRIMARY_KEY"]; ok {
 		field.IsPrimaryKey = true
 	}
 
 	field.Tag = fieldStruct.Tag
-	field.SqlTag = scope.sqlTagForField(&field)
+
+	tagIdentifier := "sql"
+	if scope.db != nil {
+		tagIdentifier = scope.db.parent.tagIdentifier
+	}
+	if fieldStruct.Tag.Get(tagIdentifier) == "-" {
+		field.IsIgnored = true
+	}
 
 	if !field.IsIgnored {
 		// parse association
@@ -311,6 +334,8 @@ func (scope *Scope) fieldFromStruct(fieldStruct reflect.StructField) []*Field {
 				if many2many != "" {
 					field.Relationship.Kind = "many_to_many"
 				}
+			} else {
+				field.IsNormal = true
 			}
 		case reflect.Struct:
 			embedded := settings["EMBEDDED"]
@@ -321,7 +346,9 @@ func (scope *Scope) fieldFromStruct(fieldStruct reflect.StructField) []*Field {
 					fields = append(fields, field)
 				}
 				return fields
-			} else if !field.IsTime() && !field.IsScanner() {
+			} else if field.IsTime() || field.IsScanner() {
+				field.IsNormal = true
+			} else {
 				if foreignKey == "" && scope.HasColumn(field.Name+"Id") {
 					field.Relationship = &relationship{ForeignKey: field.Name + "Id", Kind: "belongs_to"}
 				} else if scope.HasColumn(foreignKey) {
@@ -335,6 +362,8 @@ func (scope *Scope) fieldFromStruct(fieldStruct reflect.StructField) []*Field {
 					}
 				}
 			}
+		default:
+			field.IsNormal = true
 		}
 	}
 	return []*Field{&field}
@@ -345,12 +374,16 @@ func (scope *Scope) Fields() map[string]*Field {
 	var fields = map[string]*Field{}
 	if scope.IndirectValue().IsValid() {
 		scopeTyp := scope.IndirectValue().Type()
+		var hasPrimaryKey = false
 		for i := 0; i < scopeTyp.NumField(); i++ {
 			fieldStruct := scopeTyp.Field(i)
 			if !ast.IsExported(fieldStruct.Name) {
 				continue
 			}
 			for _, field := range scope.fieldFromStruct(fieldStruct) {
+				if field.IsPrimaryKey {
+					hasPrimaryKey = true
+				}
 				if _, ok := fields[field.DBName]; ok {
 					panic(fmt.Sprintf("Duplicated column name for %v (%v)\n", scope.typeName(), fileWithLineNum()))
 				} else {
@@ -358,6 +391,12 @@ func (scope *Scope) Fields() map[string]*Field {
 				}
 			}
 		}
+
+		if !hasPrimaryKey {
+			if field, ok := fields["id"]; ok {
+				field.IsPrimaryKey = true
+			}
+		}
 	}
 	return fields
 }
diff --git a/scope_private.go b/scope_private.go
index aa75346f..3cfb47ab 100644
--- a/scope_private.go
+++ b/scope_private.go
@@ -305,11 +305,6 @@ func (scope *Scope) sqlTagForField(field *Field) (typ string) {
 	var size = 255
 
 	fieldTag := field.Tag.Get(scope.db.parent.tagIdentifier)
-	if fieldTag == "-" {
-		field.IsIgnored = true
-		return
-	}
-
 	var setting = parseTagSetting(fieldTag)
 
 	if value, ok := setting["SIZE"]; ok {
@@ -481,8 +476,9 @@ func (scope *Scope) createJoinTable(field *Field) {
 func (scope *Scope) createTable() *Scope {
 	var sqls []string
 	for _, field := range scope.Fields() {
-		if !field.IsIgnored && len(field.SqlTag) > 0 {
-			sqls = append(sqls, scope.Quote(field.DBName)+" "+field.SqlTag)
+		if field.IsNormal {
+			sqlTag := scope.sqlTagForField(field)
+			sqls = append(sqls, scope.Quote(field.DBName)+" "+sqlTag)
 		}
 		scope.createJoinTable(field)
 	}
@@ -535,8 +531,9 @@ func (scope *Scope) autoMigrate() *Scope {
 	} else {
 		for _, field := range scope.Fields() {
 			if !scope.Dialect().HasColumn(scope, tableName, field.DBName) {
-				if len(field.SqlTag) > 0 && !field.IsIgnored {
-					scope.Raw(fmt.Sprintf("ALTER TABLE %v ADD %v %v;", quotedTableName, field.DBName, field.SqlTag)).Exec()
+				if field.IsNormal {
+					sqlTag := scope.sqlTagForField(field)
+					scope.Raw(fmt.Sprintf("ALTER TABLE %v ADD %v %v;", quotedTableName, field.DBName, sqlTag)).Exec()
 				}
 			}
 			scope.createJoinTable(field)
diff --git a/utils.go b/utils.go
index 50512143..b75aa1b6 100644
--- a/utils.go
+++ b/utils.go
@@ -2,7 +2,6 @@ package gorm
 
 import (
 	"bytes"
-	"go/ast"
 	"reflect"
 	"strings"
 	"sync"
@@ -91,37 +90,6 @@ func SnakeToUpperCamel(s string) string {
 	return u
 }
 
-func GetPrimaryKey(value interface{}) string {
-	var indirectValue = reflect.Indirect(reflect.ValueOf(value))
-
-	if indirectValue.Kind() == reflect.Slice {
-		indirectValue = reflect.New(indirectValue.Type().Elem()).Elem()
-	}
-
-	if indirectValue.IsValid() {
-		hasId := false
-		scopeTyp := indirectValue.Type()
-		for i := 0; i < scopeTyp.NumField(); i++ {
-			fieldStruct := scopeTyp.Field(i)
-			if !ast.IsExported(fieldStruct.Name) {
-				continue
-			}
-
-			settings := parseTagSetting(fieldStruct.Tag.Get("gorm"))
-			if _, ok := settings["PRIMARY_KEY"]; ok {
-				return fieldStruct.Name
-			} else if fieldStruct.Name == "Id" {
-				hasId = true
-			}
-		}
-		if hasId {
-			return "Id"
-		}
-	}
-
-	return ""
-}
-
 func parseTagSetting(str string) map[string]string {
 	tags := strings.Split(str, ";")
 	setting := map[string]string{}