forked from mirror/enumer
142 lines
5.6 KiB
Markdown
142 lines
5.6 KiB
Markdown
# Enumer 
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Enumer is a tool to generate Go code that adds useful methods to Go enums (constants with a specific type).
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It started as a fork of [Rob Pike’s Stringer tool](https://godoc.org/golang.org/x/tools/cmd/stringer).
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## Generated functions and methods
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When Enumer is applied to a type, it will generate:
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* The following basic methods/functions:
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* Method `String()`: returns the string representation of the enum value. This makes the enum conform
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the `Stringer` interface, so whenever you print an enum value, you'll get the string name instead of a number.
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* Function `<Type>String(s string)`: returns the enum value from its string representation. This is useful
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when you need to read enum values from command line arguments, from a configuration file, or
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from a REST API request... In short, from those places where using the real enum value (an integer) would
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be almost meaningless or hard to trace or use by a human.
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* Function `<Type>Values()`: returns a slice with all the values of the enum
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* Method `IsA<Type>()`: returns true only if the current value is among the values of the enum. Useful for validations.
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* When the flag `json` is provided, two additional methods will be generated, `MarshalJSON()` and `UnmarshalJSON()`. These make
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the enum conform to the `json.Marshaler` and `json.Unmarshaler` interfaces. Very useful to use it in JSON APIs.
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* When the flag `text` is provided, two additional methods will be generated, `MarshalText()` and `UnmarshalText()`. These make
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the enum conform to the `encoding.TextMarshaler` and `encoding.TextUnmarshaler` interfaces.
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**Note:** If you use your enum values as keys in a map and you encode the map as _JSON_, you need this flag set to true to properly
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convert the map keys to json (strings). If not, the numeric values will be used instead
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* When the flag `yaml` is provided, two additional methods will be generated, `MarshalYAML()` and `UnmarshalYAML()`. These make
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the enum conform to the `gopkg.in/yaml.v2.Marshaler` and `gopkg.in/yaml.v2.Unmarshaler` interfaces.
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* When the flag `sql` is provided, the methods for implementing the Scanner and Valuer interfaces will be also generated.
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Useful when storing the enum in a database.
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For example, if we have an enum type called `Pill`,
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```go
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type Pill int
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const (
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Placebo Pill = iota
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Aspirin
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Ibuprofen
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Paracetamol
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Acetaminophen = Paracetamol
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)
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```
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executing `enumer -type=Pill -json` will generate a new file with four basic method and two extra for JSON:
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```go
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func (i Pill) String() string {
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//...
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}
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func PillString(s string) (Pill, error) {
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//...
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}
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func PillValues() []Pill {
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//...
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}
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func (i Pill) IsAPill() bool {
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//...
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}
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func (i Pill) MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error) {
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//...
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}
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func (i *Pill) UnmarshalJSON(data []byte) error {
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//...
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}
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```
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From now on, we can:
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```go
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// Convert any Pill value to string
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var aspirinString string = Aspirin.String()
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// (or use it in any place where a Stringer is accepted)
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fmt.Println("I need ", Paracetamol) // Will print "I need Paracetamol"
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// Convert a string with the enum name to the corresponding enum value
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pill, err := PillString("Ibuprofen")
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if err != nil {
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fmt.Println("Unrecognized pill: ", err)
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return
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}
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// Now pill == Ibuprofen
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// Get all the values of the string
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allPills := PillValues()
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fmt.Println(allPills) // Will print [Placebo Aspirin Ibuprofen Paracetamol]
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// Check if a value belongs to the Pill enum values
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var notAPill Pill = 42
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if (notAPill.IsAPill()) {
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fmt.Println(notAPill, "is not a value of the Pill enum")
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}
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// Marshal/unmarshal to/from json strings, either directly or automatically when
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// the enum is a field of a struct
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pillJSON := Aspirin.MarshalJSON()
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// Now pillJSON == `"Aspirin"`
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```
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The generated code is exactly the same as the Stringer tool plus the mentioned additions, so you can use
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**Enumer** where you are already using **Stringer** without any code change.
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## Transforming the string representation of the enum value
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By default, Enumer uses the same name of the enum value for generating the string representation (usually CamelCase in Go).
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```go
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type MyType int
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...
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name := MyTypeValue.String() // name => "MyTypeValue"
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```
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Sometimes you need to use some other string representation format than CamelCase (i.e. in JSON).
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To transform it from CamelCase to snake_case or kebab-case, you can use the `transform` flag.
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For example, the command `enumer -type=MyType -json -transform=snake` would generate the following string representation:
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```go
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name := MyTypeValue.String() // name => "my_type_value"
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```
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**Note**: The transformation only works form CamelCase to snake_case or kebab-case, not the other way around.
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## How to use
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The usage of Enumer is the same as Stringer, so you can refer to the [Stringer docs](https://godoc.org/golang.org/x/tools/cmd/stringer)
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for more information.
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There are four boolean flags: `json`, `text`, `yaml` and `sql`. You can use any combination of them (i.e. `enumer -type=Pill -json -text`),
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For enum string representation transformation the `transform` and `trimprefix` flags
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were added (i.e. `enumer -type=MyType -json -transform=snake`).
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Possible transform values are `snake` and `kebab` for transformation to snake_case and kebab-case accordingly.
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The default value for `transform` flag is `noop` which means no transformation will be performed.
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If a prefix is provided via the `trimprefix` flag, it will be trimmed from the start of each name (before
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it is transformed). If a name doesn't have the prefix it will be passed unchanged.
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## Inspiring projects
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* [Stringer](https://godoc.org/golang.org/x/tools/cmd/stringer)
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* [jsonenums](https://github.com/campoy/jsonenums)
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