redis/example_test.go

package redis_test

import (
	"context"
	"errors"
	"fmt"
	"sync"
	"time"

	"github.com/redis/go-redis/v9"
)

var (
	ctx = context.Background()
	rdb *redis.Client
)

func init() {
	rdb = redis.NewClient(&redis.Options{
		Addr:         ":6379",
		DialTimeout:  10 * time.Second,
		ReadTimeout:  30 * time.Second,
		WriteTimeout: 30 * time.Second,
		PoolSize:     10,
		PoolTimeout:  30 * time.Second,
	})
}

func ExampleNewClient() {
	rdb := redis.NewClient(&redis.Options{
		Addr:     "localhost:6379", // use default Addr
		Password: "",               // no password set
		DB:       0,                // use default DB
	})

	pong, err := rdb.Ping(ctx).Result()
	fmt.Println(pong, err)
	// Output: PONG <nil>
}

func ExampleParseURL() {
	opt, err := redis.ParseURL("redis://:qwerty@localhost:6379/1?dial_timeout=5s")
	if err != nil {
		panic(err)
	}
	fmt.Println("addr is", opt.Addr)
	fmt.Println("db is", opt.DB)
	fmt.Println("password is", opt.Password)
	fmt.Println("dial timeout is", opt.DialTimeout)

	// Create client as usually.
	_ = redis.NewClient(opt)

	// Output: addr is localhost:6379
	// db is 1
	// password is qwerty
	// dial timeout is 5s
}

func ExampleNewFailoverClient() {
	// See http://redis.io/topics/sentinel for instructions how to
	// setup Redis Sentinel.
	rdb := redis.NewFailoverClient(&redis.FailoverOptions{
		MasterName:    "master",
		SentinelAddrs: []string{":26379"},
	})
	rdb.Ping(ctx)
}

func ExampleNewClusterClient() {
	// See http://redis.io/topics/cluster-tutorial for instructions
	// how to setup Redis Cluster.
	rdb := redis.NewClusterClient(&redis.ClusterOptions{
		Addrs: []string{":7000", ":7001", ":7002", ":7003", ":7004", ":7005"},
	})
	rdb.Ping(ctx)
}

// Following example creates a cluster from 2 master nodes and 2 slave nodes
// without using cluster mode or Redis Sentinel.
func ExampleNewClusterClient_manualSetup() {
	// clusterSlots returns cluster slots information.
	// It can use service like ZooKeeper to maintain configuration information
	// and Cluster.ReloadState to manually trigger state reloading.
	clusterSlots := func(ctx context.Context) ([]redis.ClusterSlot, error) {
		slots := []redis.ClusterSlot{
			// First node with 1 master and 1 slave.
			{
				Start: 0,
				End:   8191,
				Nodes: []redis.ClusterNode{{
					Addr: ":7000", // master
				}, {
					Addr: ":8000", // 1st slave
				}},
			},
			// Second node with 1 master and 1 slave.
			{
				Start: 8192,
				End:   16383,
				Nodes: []redis.ClusterNode{{
					Addr: ":7001", // master
				}, {
					Addr: ":8001", // 1st slave
				}},
			},
		}
		return slots, nil
	}

	rdb := redis.NewClusterClient(&redis.ClusterOptions{
		ClusterSlots:  clusterSlots,
		RouteRandomly: true,
	})
	rdb.Ping(ctx)

	// ReloadState reloads cluster state. It calls ClusterSlots func
	// to get cluster slots information.
	rdb.ReloadState(ctx)
}

func ExampleNewRing() {
	rdb := redis.NewRing(&redis.RingOptions{
		Addrs: map[string]string{
			"shard1": ":7000",
			"shard2": ":7001",
			"shard3": ":7002",
		},
	})
	rdb.Ping(ctx)
}

func ExampleClient() {
	err := rdb.Set(ctx, "key", "value", 0).Err()
	if err != nil {
		panic(err)
	}

	val, err := rdb.Get(ctx, "key").Result()
	if err != nil {
		panic(err)
	}
	fmt.Println("key", val)

	val2, err := rdb.Get(ctx, "missing_key").Result()
	if err == redis.Nil {
		fmt.Println("missing_key does not exist")
	} else if err != nil {
		panic(err)
	} else {
		fmt.Println("missing_key", val2)
	}
	// Output: key value
	// missing_key does not exist
}

func ExampleConn() {
	conn := rdb.Conn()

	err := conn.ClientSetName(ctx, "foobar").Err()
	if err != nil {
		panic(err)
	}

	// Open other connections.
	for i := 0; i < 10; i++ {
		go rdb.Ping(ctx)
	}

	s, err := conn.ClientGetName(ctx).Result()
	if err != nil {
		panic(err)
	}
	fmt.Println(s)
	// Output: foobar
}

func ExampleClient_Set() {
	// Last argument is expiration. Zero means the key has no
	// expiration time.
	err := rdb.Set(ctx, "key", "value", 0).Err()
	if err != nil {
		panic(err)
	}

	// key2 will expire in an hour.
	err = rdb.Set(ctx, "key2", "value", time.Hour).Err()
	if err != nil {
		panic(err)
	}
}

func ExampleClient_SetEx() {
	err := rdb.SetEx(ctx, "key", "value", time.Hour).Err()
	if err != nil {
		panic(err)
	}
}

func ExampleClient_HSet() {
	// Set "redis" tag for hash key
	type ExampleUser struct {
		Name string `redis:"name"`
		Age  int    `redis:"age"`
	}

	items := ExampleUser{"jane", 22}

	err := rdb.HSet(ctx, "user:1", items).Err()
	if err != nil {
		panic(err)
	}
}

func ExampleClient_Incr() {
	result, err := rdb.Incr(ctx, "counter").Result()
	if err != nil {
		panic(err)
	}

	fmt.Println(result)
	// Output: 1
}

func ExampleClient_BLPop() {
	if err := rdb.RPush(ctx, "queue", "message").Err(); err != nil {
		panic(err)
	}

	// use `rdb.BLPop(ctx, 0, "queue")` for infinite waiting time
	result, err := rdb.BLPop(ctx, 1*time.Second, "queue").Result()
	if err != nil {
		panic(err)
	}

	fmt.Println(result[0], result[1])
	// Output: queue message
}

func ExampleClient_Scan() {
	rdb.FlushDB(ctx)
	for i := 0; i < 33; i++ {
		err := rdb.Set(ctx, fmt.Sprintf("key%d", i), "value", 0).Err()
		if err != nil {
			panic(err)
		}
	}

	var cursor uint64
	var n int
	for {
		var keys []string
		var err error
		keys, cursor, err = rdb.Scan(ctx, cursor, "key*", 10).Result()
		if err != nil {
			panic(err)
		}
		n += len(keys)
		if cursor == 0 {
			break
		}
	}

	fmt.Printf("found %d keys\n", n)
	// Output: found 33 keys
}

func ExampleClient_ScanType() {
	rdb.FlushDB(ctx)
	for i := 0; i < 33; i++ {
		err := rdb.Set(ctx, fmt.Sprintf("key%d", i), "value", 0).Err()
		if err != nil {
			panic(err)
		}
	}

	var cursor uint64
	var n int
	for {
		var keys []string
		var err error
		keys, cursor, err = rdb.ScanType(ctx, cursor, "key*", 10, "string").Result()
		if err != nil {
			panic(err)
		}
		n += len(keys)
		if cursor == 0 {
			break
		}
	}

	fmt.Printf("found %d keys\n", n)
	// Output: found 33 keys
}

// ExampleClient_ScanType_hashType uses the keyType "hash".
func ExampleClient_ScanType_hashType() {
	rdb.FlushDB(ctx)
	for i := 0; i < 33; i++ {
		err := rdb.HSet(context.TODO(), fmt.Sprintf("key%d", i), "value", "foo").Err()
		if err != nil {
			panic(err)
		}
	}

	var allKeys []string
	var cursor uint64
	var err error

	for {
		var keysFromScan []string
		keysFromScan, cursor, err = rdb.ScanType(context.TODO(), cursor, "key*", 10, "hash").Result()
		if err != nil {
			panic(err)
		}
		allKeys = append(allKeys, keysFromScan...)
		if cursor == 0 {
			break
		}
	}
	fmt.Printf("%d keys ready for use", len(allKeys))
	// Output: 33 keys ready for use
}

// ExampleMapStringStringCmd_Scan shows how to scan the results of a map fetch
// into a struct.
func ExampleMapStringStringCmd_Scan() {
	rdb.FlushDB(ctx)
	err := rdb.HMSet(ctx, "map",
		"name", "hello",
		"count", 123,
		"correct", true).Err()
	if err != nil {
		panic(err)
	}

	// Get the map. The same approach works for HmGet().
	res := rdb.HGetAll(ctx, "map")
	if res.Err() != nil {
		panic(err)
	}

	type data struct {
		Name    string `redis:"name"`
		Count   int    `redis:"count"`
		Correct bool   `redis:"correct"`
	}

	// Scan the results into the struct.
	var d data
	if err := res.Scan(&d); err != nil {
		panic(err)
	}

	fmt.Println(d)
	// Output: {hello 123 true}
}

// ExampleSliceCmd_Scan shows how to scan the results of a multi key fetch
// into a struct.
func ExampleSliceCmd_Scan() {
	rdb.FlushDB(ctx)
	err := rdb.MSet(ctx,
		"name", "hello",
		"count", 123,
		"correct", true).Err()
	if err != nil {
		panic(err)
	}

	res := rdb.MGet(ctx, "name", "count", "empty", "correct")
	if res.Err() != nil {
		panic(err)
	}

	type data struct {
		Name    string `redis:"name"`
		Count   int    `redis:"count"`
		Correct bool   `redis:"correct"`
	}

	// Scan the results into the struct.
	var d data
	if err := res.Scan(&d); err != nil {
		panic(err)
	}

	fmt.Println(d)
	// Output: {hello 123 true}
}

func ExampleClient_Pipelined() {
	var incr *redis.IntCmd
	_, err := rdb.Pipelined(ctx, func(pipe redis.Pipeliner) error {
		incr = pipe.Incr(ctx, "pipelined_counter")
		pipe.Expire(ctx, "pipelined_counter", time.Hour)
		return nil
	})
	fmt.Println(incr.Val(), err)
	// Output: 1 <nil>
}

func ExampleClient_Pipeline() {
	pipe := rdb.Pipeline()

	incr := pipe.Incr(ctx, "pipeline_counter")
	pipe.Expire(ctx, "pipeline_counter", time.Hour)

	// Execute
	//
	//     INCR pipeline_counter
	//     EXPIRE pipeline_counts 3600
	//
	// using one rdb-server roundtrip.
	_, err := pipe.Exec(ctx)
	fmt.Println(incr.Val(), err)
	// Output: 1 <nil>
}

func ExampleClient_TxPipelined() {
	var incr *redis.IntCmd
	_, err := rdb.TxPipelined(ctx, func(pipe redis.Pipeliner) error {
		incr = pipe.Incr(ctx, "tx_pipelined_counter")
		pipe.Expire(ctx, "tx_pipelined_counter", time.Hour)
		return nil
	})
	fmt.Println(incr.Val(), err)
	// Output: 1 <nil>
}

func ExampleClient_TxPipeline() {
	pipe := rdb.TxPipeline()

	incr := pipe.Incr(ctx, "tx_pipeline_counter")
	pipe.Expire(ctx, "tx_pipeline_counter", time.Hour)

	// Execute
	//
	//     MULTI
	//     INCR pipeline_counter
	//     EXPIRE pipeline_counts 3600
	//     EXEC
	//
	// using one rdb-server roundtrip.
	_, err := pipe.Exec(ctx)
	fmt.Println(incr.Val(), err)
	// Output: 1 <nil>
}

func ExampleClient_Watch() {
	const maxRetries = 10000

	// Increment transactionally increments key using GET and SET commands.
	increment := func(key string) error {
		// Transactional function.
		txf := func(tx *redis.Tx) error {
			// Get current value or zero.
			n, err := tx.Get(ctx, key).Int()
			if err != nil && err != redis.Nil {
				return err
			}

			// Actual opperation (local in optimistic lock).
			n++

			// Operation is committed only if the watched keys remain unchanged.
			_, err = tx.TxPipelined(ctx, func(pipe redis.Pipeliner) error {
				pipe.Set(ctx, key, n, 0)
				return nil
			})
			return err
		}

		for i := 0; i < maxRetries; i++ {
			err := rdb.Watch(ctx, txf, key)
			if err == nil {
				// Success.
				return nil
			}
			if err == redis.TxFailedErr {
				// Optimistic lock lost. Retry.
				continue
			}
			// Return any other error.
			return err
		}

		return errors.New("increment reached maximum number of retries")
	}

	var wg sync.WaitGroup
	for i := 0; i < 100; i++ {
		wg.Add(1)
		go func() {
			defer wg.Done()

			if err := increment("counter3"); err != nil {
				fmt.Println("increment error:", err)
			}
		}()
	}
	wg.Wait()

	n, err := rdb.Get(ctx, "counter3").Int()
	fmt.Println("ended with", n, err)
	// Output: ended with 100 <nil>
}

func ExamplePubSub() {
	pubsub := rdb.Subscribe(ctx, "mychannel1")

	// Wait for confirmation that subscription is created before publishing anything.
	_, err := pubsub.Receive(ctx)
	if err != nil {
		panic(err)
	}

	// Go channel which receives messages.
	ch := pubsub.Channel()

	// Publish a message.
	err = rdb.Publish(ctx, "mychannel1", "hello").Err()
	if err != nil {
		panic(err)
	}

	time.AfterFunc(time.Second, func() {
		// When pubsub is closed channel is closed too.
		_ = pubsub.Close()
	})

	// Consume messages.
	for msg := range ch {
		fmt.Println(msg.Channel, msg.Payload)
	}

	// Output: mychannel1 hello
}

func ExamplePubSub_Receive() {
	pubsub := rdb.Subscribe(ctx, "mychannel2")
	defer pubsub.Close()

	for i := 0; i < 2; i++ {
		// ReceiveTimeout is a low level API. Use ReceiveMessage instead.
		msgi, err := pubsub.ReceiveTimeout(ctx, time.Second)
		if err != nil {
			break
		}

		switch msg := msgi.(type) {
		case *redis.Subscription:
			fmt.Println("subscribed to", msg.Channel)

			_, err := rdb.Publish(ctx, "mychannel2", "hello").Result()
			if err != nil {
				panic(err)
			}
		case *redis.Message:
			fmt.Println("received", msg.Payload, "from", msg.Channel)
		default:
			panic("unreached")
		}
	}

	// sent message to 1 rdb
	// received hello from mychannel2
}

func ExampleScript() {
	IncrByXX := redis.NewScript(`
		if redis.call("GET", KEYS[1]) ~= false then
			return redis.call("INCRBY", KEYS[1], ARGV[1])
		end
		return false
	`)

	n, err := IncrByXX.Run(ctx, rdb, []string{"xx_counter"}, 2).Result()
	fmt.Println(n, err)

	err = rdb.Set(ctx, "xx_counter", "40", 0).Err()
	if err != nil {
		panic(err)
	}

	n, err = IncrByXX.Run(ctx, rdb, []string{"xx_counter"}, 2).Result()
	fmt.Println(n, err)

	// Output: <nil> redis: nil
	// 42 <nil>
}

func Example_customCommand() {
	Get := func(ctx context.Context, rdb *redis.Client, key string) *redis.StringCmd {
		cmd := redis.NewStringCmd(ctx, "get", key)
		rdb.Process(ctx, cmd)
		return cmd
	}

	v, err := Get(ctx, rdb, "key_does_not_exist").Result()
	fmt.Printf("%q %s", v, err)
	// Output: "" redis: nil
}

func Example_customCommand2() {
	v, err := rdb.Do(ctx, "get", "key_does_not_exist").Text()
	fmt.Printf("%q %s", v, err)
	// Output: "" redis: nil
}

func ExampleScanIterator() {
	iter := rdb.Scan(ctx, 0, "", 0).Iterator()
	for iter.Next(ctx) {
		fmt.Println(iter.Val())
	}
	if err := iter.Err(); err != nil {
		panic(err)
	}
}

func ExampleScanCmd_Iterator() {
	iter := rdb.Scan(ctx, 0, "", 0).Iterator()
	for iter.Next(ctx) {
		fmt.Println(iter.Val())
	}
	if err := iter.Err(); err != nil {
		panic(err)
	}
}

func ExampleNewUniversalClient_simple() {
	rdb := redis.NewUniversalClient(&redis.UniversalOptions{
		Addrs: []string{":6379"},
	})
	defer rdb.Close()

	rdb.Ping(ctx)
}

func ExampleNewUniversalClient_failover() {
	rdb := redis.NewUniversalClient(&redis.UniversalOptions{
		MasterName: "master",
		Addrs:      []string{":26379"},
	})
	defer rdb.Close()

	rdb.Ping(ctx)
}

func ExampleNewUniversalClient_cluster() {
	rdb := redis.NewUniversalClient(&redis.UniversalOptions{
		Addrs: []string{":7000", ":7001", ":7002", ":7003", ":7004", ":7005"},
	})
	defer rdb.Close()

	rdb.Ping(ctx)
}

func ExampleClient_SlowLogGet() {
	const key = "slowlog-log-slower-than"

	old := rdb.ConfigGet(ctx, key).Val()
	rdb.ConfigSet(ctx, key, "0")
	defer rdb.ConfigSet(ctx, key, old[key])

	if err := rdb.Do(ctx, "slowlog", "reset").Err(); err != nil {
		panic(err)
	}

	rdb.Set(ctx, "test", "true", 0)

	result, err := rdb.SlowLogGet(ctx, -1).Result()
	if err != nil {
		panic(err)
	}
	fmt.Println(len(result))
	// Output: 2
}