Merge pull request #2 from mattn/master

Merge upstream

.gitignore

@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
 *.db
 *.exe
 *.dll
+*.o

.travis.yml

@@ -1,9 +1,18 @@
 language: go
+sudo: required
+dist: trusty
+env:
+  - GOTAGS=
+  - GOTAGS=libsqlite3
+  - GOTAGS=trace
+  - GOTAGS=vtable
 go:
+  - 1.7
+  - 1.8
   - tip
 before_install:
-  - go get github.com/axw/gocov/gocov
   - go get github.com/mattn/goveralls
   - go get golang.org/x/tools/cmd/cover
 script:
-    - $HOME/gopath/bin/goveralls -repotoken 3qJVUE0iQwqnCbmNcDsjYu1nh4J4KIFXx
+  - $HOME/gopath/bin/goveralls -repotoken 3qJVUE0iQwqnCbmNcDsjYu1nh4J4KIFXx
+  - go test -race -v . -tags "$GOTAGS"

README.md

@@ -1,9 +1,10 @@
 go-sqlite3
 ==========
 
+[![GoDoc Reference](https://godoc.org/github.com/mattn/go-sqlite3?status.svg)](http://godoc.org/github.com/mattn/go-sqlite3)
 [![Build Status](https://travis-ci.org/mattn/go-sqlite3.svg?branch=master)](https://travis-ci.org/mattn/go-sqlite3)
 [![Coverage Status](https://coveralls.io/repos/mattn/go-sqlite3/badge.svg?branch=master)](https://coveralls.io/r/mattn/go-sqlite3?branch=master)
-[![GoDoc](https://godoc.org/github.com/mattn/go-sqlite3?status.svg)](http://godoc.org/github.com/mattn/go-sqlite3)
+[![Go Report Card](https://goreportcard.com/badge/github.com/mattn/go-sqlite3)](https://goreportcard.com/report/github.com/mattn/go-sqlite3)
 
 Description
 -----------
@@ -16,11 +17,11 @@ Installation
 This package can be installed with the go get command:
 
     go get github.com/mattn/go-sqlite3
-    
+
 _go-sqlite3_ is *cgo* package.
 If you want to build your app using go-sqlite3, you need gcc.
 However, if you install _go-sqlite3_ with `go install github.com/mattn/go-sqlite3`, you don't need gcc to build your app anymore.
-    
+
 Documentation
 -------------
 
@@ -35,29 +36,50 @@ FAQ
 
     Use `go build --tags "libsqlite3 linux"`
 
+* Want to build go-sqlite3 with libsqlite3 on OS X.
+
+    Install sqlite3 from homebrew: `brew install sqlite3`
+
+    Use `go build --tags "libsqlite3 darwin"`
+
 * Want to build go-sqlite3 with icu extension.
 
    Use `go build --tags "icu"`
 
+   Available extensions: `json1`, `fts5`, `icu`
+
 * Can't build go-sqlite3 on windows 64bit.
 
-    > Probably, you are using go 1.0, go1.0 has a problem when it comes to compiling/linking on windows 64bit. 
+    > Probably, you are using go 1.0, go1.0 has a problem when it comes to compiling/linking on windows 64bit.
-    > See: https://github.com/mattn/go-sqlite3/issues/27
+    > See: [#27](https://github.com/mattn/go-sqlite3/issues/27)
 
 * Getting insert error while query is opened.
 
     > You can pass some arguments into the connection string, for example, a URI.
-    > See: https://github.com/mattn/go-sqlite3/issues/39
+    > See: [#39](https://github.com/mattn/go-sqlite3/issues/39)
 
-* Do you want cross compiling? mingw on Linux or Mac?
+* Do you want to cross compile? mingw on Linux or Mac?
 
-    > See: https://github.com/mattn/go-sqlite3/issues/106
+    > See: [#106](https://github.com/mattn/go-sqlite3/issues/106)
     > See also: http://www.limitlessfx.com/cross-compile-golang-app-for-windows-from-linux.html
 
 * Want to get time.Time with current locale
 
     Use `loc=auto` in SQLite3 filename schema like `file:foo.db?loc=auto`.
 
+* Can I use this in multiple routines concurrently?
+
+    Yes for readonly. But, No for writable. See [#50](https://github.com/mattn/go-sqlite3/issues/50), [#51](https://github.com/mattn/go-sqlite3/issues/51), [#209](https://github.com/mattn/go-sqlite3/issues/209).
+
+* Why is it racy if I use a `sql.Open("sqlite3", ":memory:")` database?
+
+    Each connection to :memory: opens a brand new in-memory sql database, so if
+    the stdlib's sql engine happens to open another connection and you've only
+    specified ":memory:", that connection will see a brand new database. A
+    workaround is to use "file::memory:?mode=memory&cache=shared". Every
+    connection to this string will point to the same in-memory database. See
+    [#204](https://github.com/mattn/go-sqlite3/issues/204) for more info.
+
 License
 -------
 
@@ -67,7 +89,7 @@ sqlite3-binding.c, sqlite3-binding.h, sqlite3ext.h
 
 The -binding suffix was added to avoid build failures under gccgo.
 
-In this repository, those files are amalgamation code that copied from SQLite3. The license of those codes are depend on the license of SQLite3.
+In this repository, those files are an amalgamation of code that was copied from SQLite3. The license of that code is the same as the license of SQLite3.
 
 Author
 ------

_example/hook/hook.go

@@ -2,9 +2,10 @@ package main
 
 import (
 	"database/sql"
-	"github.com/mattn/go-sqlite3"
 	"log"
 	"os"
+
+	"github.com/mattn/go-sqlite3"
 )
 
 func main() {
@@ -19,36 +20,36 @@ func main() {
 	os.Remove("./foo.db")
 	os.Remove("./bar.db")
 
-	destDb, err := sql.Open("sqlite3_with_hook_example", "./foo.db")
+	srcDb, err := sql.Open("sqlite3_with_hook_example", "./foo.db")
-	if err != nil {
-		log.Fatal(err)
-	}
-	defer destDb.Close()
-	destDb.Ping()
-
-	_, err = destDb.Exec("create table foo(id int, value text)")
-	if err != nil {
-		log.Fatal(err)
-	}
-	_, err = destDb.Exec("insert into foo values(1, 'foo')")
-	if err != nil {
-		log.Fatal(err)
-	}
-	_, err = destDb.Exec("insert into foo values(2, 'bar')")
-	if err != nil {
-		log.Fatal(err)
-	}
-	_, err = destDb.Query("select * from foo")
-	if err != nil {
-		log.Fatal(err)
-	}
-	srcDb, err := sql.Open("sqlite3_with_hook_example", "./bar.db")
 	if err != nil {
 		log.Fatal(err)
 	}
 	defer srcDb.Close()
 	srcDb.Ping()
 
+	_, err = srcDb.Exec("create table foo(id int, value text)")
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	_, err = srcDb.Exec("insert into foo values(1, 'foo')")
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	_, err = srcDb.Exec("insert into foo values(2, 'bar')")
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	_, err = srcDb.Query("select * from foo")
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	destDb, err := sql.Open("sqlite3_with_hook_example", "./bar.db")
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	defer destDb.Close()
+	destDb.Ping()
+
 	bk, err := sqlite3conn[1].Backup("main", sqlite3conn[0], "main")
 	if err != nil {
 		log.Fatal(err)

_example/mod_vtable/extension.go

@@ -3,8 +3,9 @@ package main
 import (
 	"database/sql"
 	"fmt"
-	"github.com/mattn/go-sqlite3"
 	"log"
+
+	"github.com/mattn/go-sqlite3"
 )
 
 func main() {
@@ -29,8 +30,8 @@ func main() {
 	}
 	defer rows.Close()
 	for rows.Next() {
-		var id, full_name, description, html_url string
+		var id, fullName, description, htmlURL string
-		rows.Scan(&id, &full_name, &description, &html_url)
+		rows.Scan(&id, &fullName, &description, &htmlURL)
-		fmt.Printf("%s: %s\n\t%s\n\t%s\n\n", id, full_name, description, html_url)
+		fmt.Printf("%s: %s\n\t%s\n\t%s\n\n", id, fullName, description, htmlURL)
 	}
 }

_example/simple/simple.go

@@ -52,9 +52,16 @@ func main() {
 	for rows.Next() {
 		var id int
 		var name string
-		rows.Scan(&id, &name)
+		err = rows.Scan(&id, &name)
+		if err != nil {
+			log.Fatal(err)
+		}
 		fmt.Println(id, name)
 	}
+	err = rows.Err()
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Fatal(err)
+	}
 
 	stmt, err = db.Prepare("select name from foo where id = ?")
 	if err != nil {
@@ -86,7 +93,14 @@ func main() {
 	for rows.Next() {
 		var id int
 		var name string
-		rows.Scan(&id, &name)
+		err = rows.Scan(&id, &name)
+		if err != nil {
+			log.Fatal(err)
+		}
 		fmt.Println(id, name)
 	}
+	err = rows.Err()
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Fatal(err)
+	}
 }

_example/trace/main.go

@@ -0,0 +1,264 @@
+package main
+
+import (
+	"database/sql"
+	"fmt"
+	"log"
+	"os"
+
+	sqlite3 "github.com/mattn/go-sqlite3"
+)
+
+func traceCallback(info sqlite3.TraceInfo) int {
+	// Not very readable but may be useful; uncomment next line in case of doubt:
+	//fmt.Printf("Trace: %#v\n", info)
+
+	var dbErrText string
+	if info.DBError.Code != 0 || info.DBError.ExtendedCode != 0 {
+		dbErrText = fmt.Sprintf("; DB error: %#v", info.DBError)
+	} else {
+		dbErrText = "."
+	}
+
+	// Show the Statement-or-Trigger text in curly braces ('{', '}')
+	// since from the *paired* ASCII characters they are
+	// the least used in SQL syntax, therefore better visual delimiters.
+	// Maybe show 'ExpandedSQL' the same way as 'StmtOrTrigger'.
+	//
+	// A known use of curly braces (outside strings) is
+	// for ODBC escape sequences. Not likely to appear here.
+	//
+	// Template languages, etc. don't matter, we should see their *result*
+	// at *this* level.
+	// Strange curly braces in SQL code that reached the database driver
+	// suggest that there is a bug in the application.
+	// The braces are likely to be either template syntax or
+	// a programming language's string interpolation syntax.
+
+	var expandedText string
+	if info.ExpandedSQL != "" {
+		if info.ExpandedSQL == info.StmtOrTrigger {
+			expandedText = " = exp"
+		} else {
+			expandedText = fmt.Sprintf(" expanded {%q}", info.ExpandedSQL)
+		}
+	} else {
+		expandedText = ""
+	}
+
+	// SQLite docs as of September 6, 2016: Tracing and Profiling Functions
+	// https://www.sqlite.org/c3ref/profile.html
+	//
+	// The profile callback time is in units of nanoseconds, however
+	// the current implementation is only capable of millisecond resolution
+	// so the six least significant digits in the time are meaningless.
+	// Future versions of SQLite might provide greater resolution on the profiler callback.
+
+	var runTimeText string
+	if info.RunTimeNanosec == 0 {
+		if info.EventCode == sqlite3.TraceProfile {
+			//runTimeText = "; no time" // seems confusing
+			runTimeText = "; time 0" // no measurement unit
+		} else {
+			//runTimeText = "; no time" // seems useless and confusing
+		}
+	} else {
+		const nanosPerMillisec = 1000000
+		if info.RunTimeNanosec%nanosPerMillisec == 0 {
+			runTimeText = fmt.Sprintf("; time %d ms", info.RunTimeNanosec/nanosPerMillisec)
+		} else {
+			// unexpected: better than millisecond resolution
+			runTimeText = fmt.Sprintf("; time %d ns!!!", info.RunTimeNanosec)
+		}
+	}
+
+	var modeText string
+	if info.AutoCommit {
+		modeText = "-AC-"
+	} else {
+		modeText = "+Tx+"
+	}
+
+	fmt.Printf("Trace: ev %d %s conn 0x%x, stmt 0x%x {%q}%s%s%s\n",
+		info.EventCode, modeText, info.ConnHandle, info.StmtHandle,
+		info.StmtOrTrigger, expandedText,
+		runTimeText,
+		dbErrText)
+	return 0
+}
+
+func main() {
+	eventMask := sqlite3.TraceStmt | sqlite3.TraceProfile | sqlite3.TraceRow | sqlite3.TraceClose
+
+	sql.Register("sqlite3_tracing",
+		&sqlite3.SQLiteDriver{
+			ConnectHook: func(conn *sqlite3.SQLiteConn) error {
+				err := conn.SetTrace(&sqlite3.TraceConfig{
+					Callback:        traceCallback,
+					EventMask:       uint(eventMask),
+					WantExpandedSQL: true,
+				})
+				return err
+			},
+		})
+
+	os.Exit(dbMain())
+}
+
+// Harder to do DB work in main().
+// It's better with a separate function because
+// 'defer' and 'os.Exit' don't go well together.
+//
+// DO NOT use 'log.Fatal...' below: remember that it's equivalent to
+// Print() followed by a call to os.Exit(1) --- and
+// we want to avoid Exit() so 'defer' can do cleanup.
+// Use 'log.Panic...' instead.
+
+func dbMain() int {
+	db, err := sql.Open("sqlite3_tracing", ":memory:")
+	if err != nil {
+		fmt.Printf("Failed to open database: %#+v\n", err)
+		return 1
+	}
+	defer db.Close()
+
+	err = db.Ping()
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Panic(err)
+	}
+
+	dbSetup(db)
+
+	dbDoInsert(db)
+	dbDoInsertPrepared(db)
+	dbDoSelect(db)
+	dbDoSelectPrepared(db)
+
+	return 0
+}
+
+// 'DDL' stands for "Data Definition Language":
+
+// Note: "INTEGER PRIMARY KEY NOT NULL AUTOINCREMENT" causes the error
+// 'near "AUTOINCREMENT": syntax error'; without "NOT NULL" it works.
+const tableDDL = `CREATE TABLE t1 (
+ id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY AUTOINCREMENT,
+ note VARCHAR NOT NULL
+)`
+
+// 'DML' stands for "Data Manipulation Language":
+
+const insertDML = "INSERT INTO t1 (note) VALUES (?)"
+const selectDML = "SELECT id, note FROM t1 WHERE note LIKE ?"
+
+const textPrefix = "bla-1234567890-"
+const noteTextPattern = "%Prep%"
+
+const nGenRows = 4 // Number of Rows to Generate (for *each* approach tested)
+
+func dbSetup(db *sql.DB) {
+	var err error
+
+	_, err = db.Exec("DROP TABLE IF EXISTS t1")
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Panic(err)
+	}
+	_, err = db.Exec(tableDDL)
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Panic(err)
+	}
+}
+
+func dbDoInsert(db *sql.DB) {
+	const Descr = "DB-Exec"
+	for i := 0; i < nGenRows; i++ {
+		result, err := db.Exec(insertDML, textPrefix+Descr)
+		if err != nil {
+			log.Panic(err)
+		}
+
+		resultDoCheck(result, Descr, i)
+	}
+}
+
+func dbDoInsertPrepared(db *sql.DB) {
+	const Descr = "DB-Prepare"
+
+	stmt, err := db.Prepare(insertDML)
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Panic(err)
+	}
+	defer stmt.Close()
+
+	for i := 0; i < nGenRows; i++ {
+		result, err := stmt.Exec(textPrefix + Descr)
+		if err != nil {
+			log.Panic(err)
+		}
+
+		resultDoCheck(result, Descr, i)
+	}
+}
+
+func resultDoCheck(result sql.Result, callerDescr string, callIndex int) {
+	lastID, err := result.LastInsertId()
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Panic(err)
+	}
+	nAffected, err := result.RowsAffected()
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Panic(err)
+	}
+
+	log.Printf("Exec result for %s (%d): ID = %d, affected = %d\n", callerDescr, callIndex, lastID, nAffected)
+}
+
+func dbDoSelect(db *sql.DB) {
+	const Descr = "DB-Query"
+
+	rows, err := db.Query(selectDML, noteTextPattern)
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Panic(err)
+	}
+	defer rows.Close()
+
+	rowsDoFetch(rows, Descr)
+}
+
+func dbDoSelectPrepared(db *sql.DB) {
+	const Descr = "DB-Prepare"
+
+	stmt, err := db.Prepare(selectDML)
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Panic(err)
+	}
+	defer stmt.Close()
+
+	rows, err := stmt.Query(noteTextPattern)
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Panic(err)
+	}
+	defer rows.Close()
+
+	rowsDoFetch(rows, Descr)
+}
+
+func rowsDoFetch(rows *sql.Rows, callerDescr string) {
+	var nRows int
+	var id int64
+	var note string
+
+	for rows.Next() {
+		err := rows.Scan(&id, &note)
+		if err != nil {
+			log.Panic(err)
+		}
+		log.Printf("Row for %s (%d): id=%d, note=%q\n",
+			callerDescr, nRows, id, note)
+		nRows++
+	}
+	if err := rows.Err(); err != nil {
+		log.Panic(err)
+	}
+	log.Printf("Total %d rows for %s.\n", nRows, callerDescr)
+}

_example/vtable/main.go

@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+package main
+
+import (
+	"database/sql"
+	"fmt"
+	"log"
+
+	"github.com/mattn/go-sqlite3"
+)
+
+func main() {
+	sql.Register("sqlite3_with_extensions", &sqlite3.SQLiteDriver{
+		ConnectHook: func(conn *sqlite3.SQLiteConn) error {
+			return conn.CreateModule("github", &githubModule{})
+		},
+	})
+	db, err := sql.Open("sqlite3_with_extensions", ":memory:")
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	defer db.Close()
+
+	_, err = db.Exec("create virtual table repo using github(id, full_name, description, html_url)")
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	rows, err := db.Query("select id, full_name, description, html_url from repo")
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	defer rows.Close()
+	for rows.Next() {
+		var id, fullName, description, htmlURL string
+		rows.Scan(&id, &fullName, &description, &htmlURL)
+		fmt.Printf("%s: %s\n\t%s\n\t%s\n\n", id, fullName, description, htmlURL)
+	}
+}

_example/vtable/vtable.go

@@ -0,0 +1,111 @@
+package main
+
+import (
+	"encoding/json"
+	"fmt"
+	"io/ioutil"
+	"net/http"
+
+	"github.com/mattn/go-sqlite3"
+)
+
+type githubRepo struct {
+	ID          int    `json:"id"`
+	FullName    string `json:"full_name"`
+	Description string `json:"description"`
+	HTMLURL     string `json:"html_url"`
+}
+
+type githubModule struct {
+}
+
+func (m *githubModule) Create(c *sqlite3.SQLiteConn, args []string) (sqlite3.VTab, error) {
+	err := c.DeclareVTab(fmt.Sprintf(`
+		CREATE TABLE %s (
+			id INT,
+			full_name TEXT,
+			description TEXT,
+			html_url TEXT
+		)`, args[0]))
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	return &ghRepoTable{}, nil
+}
+
+func (m *githubModule) Connect(c *sqlite3.SQLiteConn, args []string) (sqlite3.VTab, error) {
+	return m.Create(c, args)
+}
+
+func (m *githubModule) DestroyModule() {}
+
+type ghRepoTable struct {
+	repos []githubRepo
+}
+
+func (v *ghRepoTable) Open() (sqlite3.VTabCursor, error) {
+	resp, err := http.Get("https://api.github.com/repositories")
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	defer resp.Body.Close()
+
+	body, err := ioutil.ReadAll(resp.Body)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	var repos []githubRepo
+	if err := json.Unmarshal(body, &repos); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	return &ghRepoCursor{0, repos}, nil
+}
+
+func (v *ghRepoTable) BestIndex(cst []sqlite3.InfoConstraint, ob []sqlite3.InfoOrderBy) (*sqlite3.IndexResult, error) {
+	return &sqlite3.IndexResult{}, nil
+}
+
+func (v *ghRepoTable) Disconnect() error { return nil }
+func (v *ghRepoTable) Destroy() error    { return nil }
+
+type ghRepoCursor struct {
+	index int
+	repos []githubRepo
+}
+
+func (vc *ghRepoCursor) Column(c *sqlite3.SQLiteContext, col int) error {
+	switch col {
+	case 0:
+		c.ResultInt(vc.repos[vc.index].ID)
+	case 1:
+		c.ResultText(vc.repos[vc.index].FullName)
+	case 2:
+		c.ResultText(vc.repos[vc.index].Description)
+	case 3:
+		c.ResultText(vc.repos[vc.index].HTMLURL)
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (vc *ghRepoCursor) Filter(idxNum int, idxStr string, vals []interface{}) error {
+	vc.index = 0
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (vc *ghRepoCursor) Next() error {
+	vc.index++
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (vc *ghRepoCursor) EOF() bool {
+	return vc.index >= len(vc.repos)
+}
+
+func (vc *ghRepoCursor) Rowid() (int64, error) {
+	return int64(vc.index), nil
+}
+
+func (vc *ghRepoCursor) Close() error {
+	return nil
+}

backup.go

@@ -6,7 +6,11 @@
 package sqlite3
 
 /*
+#ifndef USE_LIBSQLITE3
 #include <sqlite3-binding.h>
+#else
+#include <sqlite3.h>
+#endif
 #include <stdlib.h>
 */
 import "C"
@@ -15,10 +19,12 @@ import (
 	"unsafe"
 )
 
+// SQLiteBackup implement interface of Backup.
 type SQLiteBackup struct {
 	b *C.sqlite3_backup
 }
 
+// Backup make backup from src to dest.
 func (c *SQLiteConn) Backup(dest string, conn *SQLiteConn, src string) (*SQLiteBackup, error) {
 	destptr := C.CString(dest)
 	defer C.free(unsafe.Pointer(destptr))
@@ -33,10 +39,10 @@ func (c *SQLiteConn) Backup(dest string, conn *SQLiteConn, src string) (*SQLiteB
 	return nil, c.lastError()
 }
 
-// Backs up for one step. Calls the underlying `sqlite3_backup_step` function.
+// Step to backs up for one step. Calls the underlying `sqlite3_backup_step`
-// This function returns a boolean indicating if the backup is done and
+// function.  This function returns a boolean indicating if the backup is done
-// an error signalling any other error. Done is returned if the underlying C
+// and an error signalling any other error. Done is returned if the underlying
-// function returns SQLITE_DONE (Code 101)
+// C function returns SQLITE_DONE (Code 101)
 func (b *SQLiteBackup) Step(p int) (bool, error) {
 	ret := C.sqlite3_backup_step(b.b, C.int(p))
 	if ret == C.SQLITE_DONE {
@@ -47,24 +53,33 @@ func (b *SQLiteBackup) Step(p int) (bool, error) {
 	return false, nil
 }
 
+// Remaining return whether have the rest for backup.
 func (b *SQLiteBackup) Remaining() int {
 	return int(C.sqlite3_backup_remaining(b.b))
 }
 
+// PageCount return count of pages.
 func (b *SQLiteBackup) PageCount() int {
 	return int(C.sqlite3_backup_pagecount(b.b))
 }
 
+// Finish close backup.
 func (b *SQLiteBackup) Finish() error {
 	return b.Close()
 }
 
+// Close close backup.
 func (b *SQLiteBackup) Close() error {
 	ret := C.sqlite3_backup_finish(b.b)
+
+	// sqlite3_backup_finish() never fails, it just returns the
+	// error code from previous operations, so clean up before
+	// checking and returning an error
+	b.b = nil
+	runtime.SetFinalizer(b, nil)
+
 	if ret != 0 {
 		return Error{Code: ErrNo(ret)}
 	}
-	b.b = nil
-	runtime.SetFinalizer(b, nil)
 	return nil
 }

backup_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,290 @@
+// Use of this source code is governed by an MIT-style
+// license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
+
+package sqlite3
+
+import (
+	"database/sql"
+	"fmt"
+	"os"
+	"testing"
+	"time"
+)
+
+// The number of rows of test data to create in the source database.
+// Can be used to control how many pages are available to be backed up.
+const testRowCount = 100
+
+// The maximum number of seconds after which the page-by-page backup is considered to have taken too long.
+const usePagePerStepsTimeoutSeconds = 30
+
+// Test the backup functionality.
+func testBackup(t *testing.T, testRowCount int, usePerPageSteps bool) {
+	// This function will be called multiple times.
+	// It uses sql.Register(), which requires the name parameter value to be unique.
+	// There does not currently appear to be a way to unregister a registered driver, however.
+	// So generate a database driver name that will likely be unique.
+	var driverName = fmt.Sprintf("sqlite3_testBackup_%v_%v_%v", testRowCount, usePerPageSteps, time.Now().UnixNano())
+
+	// The driver's connection will be needed in order to perform the backup.
+	driverConns := []*SQLiteConn{}
+	sql.Register(driverName, &SQLiteDriver{
+		ConnectHook: func(conn *SQLiteConn) error {
+			driverConns = append(driverConns, conn)
+			return nil
+		},
+	})
+
+	// Connect to the source database.
+	srcTempFilename := TempFilename(t)
+	defer os.Remove(srcTempFilename)
+	srcDb, err := sql.Open(driverName, srcTempFilename)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal("Failed to open the source database:", err)
+	}
+	defer srcDb.Close()
+	err = srcDb.Ping()
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal("Failed to connect to the source database:", err)
+	}
+
+	// Connect to the destination database.
+	destTempFilename := TempFilename(t)
+	defer os.Remove(destTempFilename)
+	destDb, err := sql.Open(driverName, destTempFilename)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal("Failed to open the destination database:", err)
+	}
+	defer destDb.Close()
+	err = destDb.Ping()
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal("Failed to connect to the destination database:", err)
+	}
+
+	// Check the driver connections.
+	if len(driverConns) != 2 {
+		t.Fatalf("Expected 2 driver connections, but found %v.", len(driverConns))
+	}
+	srcDbDriverConn := driverConns[0]
+	if srcDbDriverConn == nil {
+		t.Fatal("The source database driver connection is nil.")
+	}
+	destDbDriverConn := driverConns[1]
+	if destDbDriverConn == nil {
+		t.Fatal("The destination database driver connection is nil.")
+	}
+
+	// Generate some test data for the given ID.
+	var generateTestData = func(id int) string {
+		return fmt.Sprintf("test-%v", id)
+	}
+
+	// Populate the source database with a test table containing some test data.
+	tx, err := srcDb.Begin()
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal("Failed to begin a transaction when populating the source database:", err)
+	}
+	_, err = srcDb.Exec("CREATE TABLE test (id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, value TEXT)")
+	if err != nil {
+		tx.Rollback()
+		t.Fatal("Failed to create the source database \"test\" table:", err)
+	}
+	for id := 0; id < testRowCount; id++ {
+		_, err = srcDb.Exec("INSERT INTO test (id, value) VALUES (?, ?)", id, generateTestData(id))
+		if err != nil {
+			tx.Rollback()
+			t.Fatal("Failed to insert a row into the source database \"test\" table:", err)
+		}
+	}
+	err = tx.Commit()
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal("Failed to populate the source database:", err)
+	}
+
+	// Confirm that the destination database is initially empty.
+	var destTableCount int
+	err = destDb.QueryRow("SELECT COUNT(*) FROM sqlite_master WHERE type = 'table'").Scan(&destTableCount)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal("Failed to check the destination table count:", err)
+	}
+	if destTableCount != 0 {
+		t.Fatalf("The destination database is not empty; %v table(s) found.", destTableCount)
+	}
+
+	// Prepare to perform the backup.
+	backup, err := destDbDriverConn.Backup("main", srcDbDriverConn, "main")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal("Failed to initialize the backup:", err)
+	}
+
+	// Allow the initial page count and remaining values to be retrieved.
+	// According to <https://www.sqlite.org/c3ref/backup_finish.html>, the page count and remaining values are "... only updated by sqlite3_backup_step()."
+	isDone, err := backup.Step(0)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal("Unable to perform an initial 0-page backup step:", err)
+	}
+	if isDone {
+		t.Fatal("Backup is unexpectedly done.")
+	}
+
+	// Check that the page count and remaining values are reasonable.
+	initialPageCount := backup.PageCount()
+	if initialPageCount <= 0 {
+		t.Fatalf("Unexpected initial page count value: %v", initialPageCount)
+	}
+	initialRemaining := backup.Remaining()
+	if initialRemaining <= 0 {
+		t.Fatalf("Unexpected initial remaining value: %v", initialRemaining)
+	}
+	if initialRemaining != initialPageCount {
+		t.Fatalf("Initial remaining value differs from the initial page count value; remaining: %v; page count: %v", initialRemaining, initialPageCount)
+	}
+
+	// Perform the backup.
+	if usePerPageSteps {
+		var startTime = time.Now().Unix()
+
+		// Test backing-up using a page-by-page approach.
+		var latestRemaining = initialRemaining
+		for {
+			// Perform the backup step.
+			isDone, err = backup.Step(1)
+			if err != nil {
+				t.Fatal("Failed to perform a backup step:", err)
+			}
+
+			// The page count should remain unchanged from its initial value.
+			currentPageCount := backup.PageCount()
+			if currentPageCount != initialPageCount {
+				t.Fatalf("Current page count differs from the initial page count; initial page count: %v; current page count: %v", initialPageCount, currentPageCount)
+			}
+
+			// There should now be one less page remaining.
+			currentRemaining := backup.Remaining()
+			expectedRemaining := latestRemaining - 1
+			if currentRemaining != expectedRemaining {
+				t.Fatalf("Unexpected remaining value; expected remaining value: %v; actual remaining value: %v", expectedRemaining, currentRemaining)
+			}
+			latestRemaining = currentRemaining
+
+			if isDone {
+				break
+			}
+
+			// Limit the runtime of the backup attempt.
+			if (time.Now().Unix() - startTime) > usePagePerStepsTimeoutSeconds {
+				t.Fatal("Backup is taking longer than expected.")
+			}
+		}
+	} else {
+		// Test the copying of all remaining pages.
+		isDone, err = backup.Step(-1)
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Fatal("Failed to perform a backup step:", err)
+		}
+		if !isDone {
+			t.Fatal("Backup is unexpectedly not done.")
+		}
+	}
+
+	// Check that the page count and remaining values are reasonable.
+	finalPageCount := backup.PageCount()
+	if finalPageCount != initialPageCount {
+		t.Fatalf("Final page count differs from the initial page count; initial page count: %v; final page count: %v", initialPageCount, finalPageCount)
+	}
+	finalRemaining := backup.Remaining()
+	if finalRemaining != 0 {
+		t.Fatalf("Unexpected remaining value: %v", finalRemaining)
+	}
+
+	// Finish the backup.
+	err = backup.Finish()
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal("Failed to finish backup:", err)
+	}
+
+	// Confirm that the "test" table now exists in the destination database.
+	var doesTestTableExist bool
+	err = destDb.QueryRow("SELECT EXISTS (SELECT 1 FROM sqlite_master WHERE type = 'table' AND name = 'test' LIMIT 1) AS test_table_exists").Scan(&doesTestTableExist)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal("Failed to check if the \"test\" table exists in the destination database:", err)
+	}
+	if !doesTestTableExist {
+		t.Fatal("The \"test\" table could not be found in the destination database.")
+	}
+
+	// Confirm that the number of rows in the destination database's "test" table matches that of the source table.
+	var actualTestTableRowCount int
+	err = destDb.QueryRow("SELECT COUNT(*) FROM test").Scan(&actualTestTableRowCount)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal("Failed to determine the rowcount of the \"test\" table in the destination database:", err)
+	}
+	if testRowCount != actualTestTableRowCount {
+		t.Fatalf("Unexpected destination \"test\" table row count; expected: %v; found: %v", testRowCount, actualTestTableRowCount)
+	}
+
+	// Check each of the rows in the destination database.
+	for id := 0; id < testRowCount; id++ {
+		var checkedValue string
+		err = destDb.QueryRow("SELECT value FROM test WHERE id = ?", id).Scan(&checkedValue)
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Fatal("Failed to query the \"test\" table in the destination database:", err)
+		}
+
+		var expectedValue = generateTestData(id)
+		if checkedValue != expectedValue {
+			t.Fatalf("Unexpected value in the \"test\" table in the destination database; expected value: %v; actual value: %v", expectedValue, checkedValue)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func TestBackupStepByStep(t *testing.T) {
+	testBackup(t, testRowCount, true)
+}
+
+func TestBackupAllRemainingPages(t *testing.T) {
+	testBackup(t, testRowCount, false)
+}
+
+// Test the error reporting when preparing to perform a backup.
+func TestBackupError(t *testing.T) {
+	const driverName = "sqlite3_TestBackupError"
+
+	// The driver's connection will be needed in order to perform the backup.
+	var dbDriverConn *SQLiteConn
+	sql.Register(driverName, &SQLiteDriver{
+		ConnectHook: func(conn *SQLiteConn) error {
+			dbDriverConn = conn
+			return nil
+		},
+	})
+
+	// Connect to the database.
+	dbTempFilename := TempFilename(t)
+	defer os.Remove(dbTempFilename)
+	db, err := sql.Open(driverName, dbTempFilename)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal("Failed to open the database:", err)
+	}
+	defer db.Close()
+	db.Ping()
+
+	// Need the driver connection in order to perform the backup.
+	if dbDriverConn == nil {
+		t.Fatal("Failed to get the driver connection.")
+	}
+
+	// Prepare to perform the backup.
+	// Intentionally using the same connection for both the source and destination databases, to trigger an error result.
+	backup, err := dbDriverConn.Backup("main", dbDriverConn, "main")
+	if err == nil {
+		t.Fatal("Failed to get the expected error result.")
+	}
+	const expectedError = "source and destination must be distinct"
+	if err.Error() != expectedError {
+		t.Fatalf("Unexpected error message; expected value: \"%v\"; actual value: \"%v\"", expectedError, err.Error())
+	}
+	if backup != nil {
+		t.Fatal("Failed to get the expected nil backup result.")
+	}
+}

callback.go

@@ -11,7 +11,11 @@ package sqlite3
 // code for SQLite custom functions is in here.
 
 /*
+#ifndef USE_LIBSQLITE3
 #include <sqlite3-binding.h>
+#else
+#include <sqlite3.h>
+#endif
 #include <stdlib.h>
 
 void _sqlite3_result_text(sqlite3_context* ctx, const char* s);
@@ -36,8 +40,8 @@ func callbackTrampoline(ctx *C.sqlite3_context, argc int, argv **C.sqlite3_value
 }
 
 //export stepTrampoline
-func stepTrampoline(ctx *C.sqlite3_context, argc int, argv **C.sqlite3_value) {
+func stepTrampoline(ctx *C.sqlite3_context, argc C.int, argv **C.sqlite3_value) {
-	args := (*[(math.MaxInt32 - 1) / unsafe.Sizeof((*C.sqlite3_value)(nil))]*C.sqlite3_value)(unsafe.Pointer(argv))[:argc:argc]
+	args := (*[(math.MaxInt32 - 1) / unsafe.Sizeof((*C.sqlite3_value)(nil))]*C.sqlite3_value)(unsafe.Pointer(argv))[:int(argc):int(argc)]
 	ai := lookupHandle(uintptr(C.sqlite3_user_data(ctx))).(*aggInfo)
 	ai.Step(ctx, args)
 }

doc.go

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
 Package sqlite3 provides interface to SQLite3 databases.
 
-This works as driver for database/sql.
+This works as a driver for database/sql.
 
 Installation
 
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ Installation
 
 Supported Types
 
-Currently, go-sqlite3 support following data types.
+Currently, go-sqlite3 supports the following data types.
 
     +------------------------------+
     |go        | sqlite3           |
@@ -26,8 +26,8 @@ Currently, go-sqlite3 support following data types.
 
 SQLite3 Extension
 
-You can write your own extension module for sqlite3. For example, below is a
+You can write your own extension module for sqlite3. For example, below is an
-extension for Regexp matcher operation.
+extension for a Regexp matcher operation.
 
     #include <pcre.h>
     #include <string.h>
@@ -63,8 +63,8 @@ extension for Regexp matcher operation.
           (void*)db, regexp_func, NULL, NULL);
     }
 
-It need to build as so/dll shared library. And you need to register
+It needs to be built as a so/dll shared library. And you need to register
-extension module like below.
+the extension module like below.
 
 	sql.Register("sqlite3_with_extensions",
 		&sqlite3.SQLiteDriver{
@@ -79,9 +79,9 @@ Then, you can use this extension.
 
 Connection Hook
 
-You can hook and inject your codes when connection established. database/sql
+You can hook and inject your code when the connection is established. database/sql
-doesn't provide the way to get native go-sqlite3 interfaces. So if you want,
+doesn't provide a way to get native go-sqlite3 interfaces. So if you want,
-you need to hook ConnectHook and get the SQLiteConn.
+you need to set ConnectHook and get the SQLiteConn.
 
 	sql.Register("sqlite3_with_hook_example",
 			&sqlite3.SQLiteDriver{
@@ -102,7 +102,7 @@ call RegisterFunction from ConnectHook.
 	sql.Register("sqlite3_with_go_func",
 			&sqlite3.SQLiteDriver{
 					ConnectHook: func(conn *sqlite3.SQLiteConn) error {
-						return conn.RegisterFunc("regex", regex, true)
+						return conn.RegisterFunc("regexp", regex, true)
 					},
 			})
 

error.go

@@ -7,12 +7,16 @@ package sqlite3
 
 import "C"
 
+// ErrNo inherit errno.
 type ErrNo int
 
+// ErrNoMask is mask code.
 const ErrNoMask C.int = 0xff
 
+// ErrNoExtended is extended errno.
 type ErrNoExtended int
 
+// Error implement sqlite error code.
 type Error struct {
 	Code         ErrNo         /* The error code returned by SQLite */
 	ExtendedCode ErrNoExtended /* The extended error code returned by SQLite */
@@ -52,14 +56,17 @@ var (
 	ErrWarning    = ErrNo(28) /* Warnings from sqlite3_log() */
 )
 
+// Error return error message from errno.
 func (err ErrNo) Error() string {
 	return Error{Code: err}.Error()
 }
 
+// Extend return extended errno.
 func (err ErrNo) Extend(by int) ErrNoExtended {
 	return ErrNoExtended(int(err) | (by << 8))
 }
 
+// Error return error message that is extended code.
 func (err ErrNoExtended) Error() string {
 	return Error{Code: ErrNo(C.int(err) & ErrNoMask), ExtendedCode: err}.Error()
 }
@@ -121,7 +128,7 @@ var (
 	ErrConstraintTrigger      = ErrConstraint.Extend(7)
 	ErrConstraintUnique       = ErrConstraint.Extend(8)
 	ErrConstraintVTab         = ErrConstraint.Extend(9)
-	ErrConstraintRowId        = ErrConstraint.Extend(10)
+	ErrConstraintRowID        = ErrConstraint.Extend(10)
 	ErrNoticeRecoverWAL       = ErrNotice.Extend(1)
 	ErrNoticeRecoverRollback  = ErrNotice.Extend(2)
 	ErrWarningAutoIndex       = ErrWarning.Extend(1)

sqlite3.go

@@ -9,7 +9,14 @@ package sqlite3
 #cgo CFLAGS: -std=gnu99
 #cgo CFLAGS: -DSQLITE_ENABLE_RTREE -DSQLITE_THREADSAFE
 #cgo CFLAGS: -DSQLITE_ENABLE_FTS3 -DSQLITE_ENABLE_FTS3_PARENTHESIS -DSQLITE_ENABLE_FTS4_UNICODE61
+#cgo CFLAGS: -DSQLITE_TRACE_SIZE_LIMIT=15
+#cgo CFLAGS: -DSQLITE_DISABLE_INTRINSIC
+#cgo CFLAGS: -Wno-deprecated-declarations
+#ifndef USE_LIBSQLITE3
 #include <sqlite3-binding.h>
+#else
+#include <sqlite3.h>
+#endif
 #include <stdlib.h>
 #include <string.h>
 
@@ -25,6 +32,10 @@ package sqlite3
 # define SQLITE_OPEN_FULLMUTEX 0
 #endif
 
+#ifndef SQLITE_DETERMINISTIC
+# define SQLITE_DETERMINISTIC 0
+#endif
+
 static int
 _sqlite3_open_v2(const char *filename, sqlite3 **ppDb, int flags, const char *zVfs) {
 #ifdef SQLITE_OPEN_URI
@@ -89,8 +100,6 @@ int _sqlite3_create_function(
 }
 
 void callbackTrampoline(sqlite3_context*, int, sqlite3_value**);
-void stepTrampoline(sqlite3_context*, int, sqlite3_value**);
-void doneTrampoline(sqlite3_context*);
 */
 import "C"
 import (
@@ -106,12 +115,14 @@ import (
 	"strings"
 	"time"
 	"unsafe"
+
+	"golang.org/x/net/context"
 )
 
-// Timestamp formats understood by both this module and SQLite.
+// SQLiteTimestampFormats is timestamp formats understood by both this module
-// The first format in the slice will be used when saving time values
+// and SQLite.  The first format in the slice will be used when saving time
-// into the database. When parsing a string from a timestamp or
+// values into the database. When parsing a string from a timestamp or datetime
-// datetime column, the formats are tried in order.
+// column, the formats are tried in order.
 var SQLiteTimestampFormats = []string{
 	// By default, store timestamps with whatever timezone they come with.
 	// When parsed, they will be returned with the same timezone.
@@ -130,21 +141,21 @@ func init() {
 	sql.Register("sqlite3", &SQLiteDriver{})
 }
 
-// Return SQLite library Version information.
+// Version returns SQLite library version information.
-func Version() (libVersion string, libVersionNumber int, sourceId string) {
+func Version() (libVersion string, libVersionNumber int, sourceID string) {
 	libVersion = C.GoString(C.sqlite3_libversion())
 	libVersionNumber = int(C.sqlite3_libversion_number())
-	sourceId = C.GoString(C.sqlite3_sourceid())
+	sourceID = C.GoString(C.sqlite3_sourceid())
-	return libVersion, libVersionNumber, sourceId
+	return libVersion, libVersionNumber, sourceID
 }
 
-// Driver struct.
+// SQLiteDriver implement sql.Driver.
 type SQLiteDriver struct {
 	Extensions  []string
 	ConnectHook func(*SQLiteConn) error
 }
 
-// Conn struct.
+// SQLiteConn implement sql.Conn.
 type SQLiteConn struct {
 	db          *C.sqlite3
 	loc         *time.Location
@@ -153,35 +164,34 @@ type SQLiteConn struct {
 	aggregators []*aggInfo
 }
 
-// Tx struct.
+// SQLiteTx implemen sql.Tx.
 type SQLiteTx struct {
 	c *SQLiteConn
 }
 
-// Stmt struct.
+// SQLiteStmt implement sql.Stmt.
 type SQLiteStmt struct {
 	c      *SQLiteConn
 	s      *C.sqlite3_stmt
-	nv     int
-	nn     []string
 	t      string
 	closed bool
 	cls    bool
 }
 
-// Result struct.
+// SQLiteResult implement sql.Result.
 type SQLiteResult struct {
 	id      int64
 	changes int64
 }
 
-// Rows struct.
+// SQLiteRows implement sql.Rows.
 type SQLiteRows struct {
 	s        *SQLiteStmt
 	nc       int
 	cols     []string
 	decltype []string
 	cls      bool
+	done     chan struct{}
 }
 
 type functionInfo struct {
@@ -287,13 +297,19 @@ func (ai *aggInfo) Done(ctx *C.sqlite3_context) {
 
 // Commit transaction.
 func (tx *SQLiteTx) Commit() error {
-	_, err := tx.c.exec("COMMIT")
+	_, err := tx.c.exec(context.Background(), "COMMIT", nil)
+	if err != nil && err.(Error).Code == C.SQLITE_BUSY {
+		// sqlite3 will leave the transaction open in this scenario.
+		// However, database/sql considers the transaction complete once we
+		// return from Commit() - we must clean up to honour its semantics.
+		tx.c.exec(context.Background(), "ROLLBACK", nil)
+	}
 	return err
 }
 
 // Rollback transaction.
 func (tx *SQLiteTx) Rollback() error {
-	_, err := tx.c.exec("ROLLBACK")
+	_, err := tx.c.exec(context.Background(), "ROLLBACK", nil)
 	return err
 }
 
@@ -367,136 +383,15 @@ func (c *SQLiteConn) RegisterFunc(name string, impl interface{}, pure bool) erro
 	if pure {
 		opts |= C.SQLITE_DETERMINISTIC
 	}
-	rv := C._sqlite3_create_function(c.db, cname, C.int(numArgs), C.int(opts), C.uintptr_t(newHandle(c, &fi)), (*[0]byte)(unsafe.Pointer(C.callbackTrampoline)), nil, nil)
+	rv := sqlite3CreateFunction(c.db, cname, C.int(numArgs), C.int(opts), newHandle(c, &fi), C.callbackTrampoline, nil, nil)
 	if rv != C.SQLITE_OK {
 		return c.lastError()
 	}
 	return nil
 }
 
-// RegisterAggregator makes a Go type available as a SQLite aggregation function.
+func sqlite3CreateFunction(db *C.sqlite3, zFunctionName *C.char, nArg C.int, eTextRep C.int, pApp uintptr, xFunc unsafe.Pointer, xStep unsafe.Pointer, xFinal unsafe.Pointer) C.int {
-//
+	return C._sqlite3_create_function(db, zFunctionName, nArg, eTextRep, C.uintptr_t(pApp), (*[0]byte)(unsafe.Pointer(xFunc)), (*[0]byte)(unsafe.Pointer(xStep)), (*[0]byte)(unsafe.Pointer(xFinal)))
-// Because aggregation is incremental, it's implemented in Go with a
-// type that has 2 methods: func Step(values) accumulates one row of
-// data into the accumulator, and func Done() ret finalizes and
-// returns the aggregate value. "values" and "ret" may be any type
-// supported by RegisterFunc.
-//
-// RegisterAggregator takes as implementation a constructor function
-// that constructs an instance of the aggregator type each time an
-// aggregation begins. The constructor must return a pointer to a
-// type, or an interface that implements Step() and Done().
-//
-// The constructor function and the Step/Done methods may optionally
-// return an error in addition to their other return values.
-//
-// See _example/go_custom_funcs for a detailed example.
-func (c *SQLiteConn) RegisterAggregator(name string, impl interface{}, pure bool) error {
-	var ai aggInfo
-	ai.constructor = reflect.ValueOf(impl)
-	t := ai.constructor.Type()
-	if t.Kind() != reflect.Func {
-		return errors.New("non-function passed to RegisterAggregator")
-	}
-	if t.NumOut() != 1 && t.NumOut() != 2 {
-		return errors.New("SQLite aggregator constructors must return 1 or 2 values")
-	}
-	if t.NumOut() == 2 && !t.Out(1).Implements(reflect.TypeOf((*error)(nil)).Elem()) {
-		return errors.New("Second return value of SQLite function must be error")
-	}
-	if t.NumIn() != 0 {
-		return errors.New("SQLite aggregator constructors must not have arguments")
-	}
-
-	agg := t.Out(0)
-	switch agg.Kind() {
-	case reflect.Ptr, reflect.Interface:
-	default:
-		return errors.New("SQlite aggregator constructor must return a pointer object")
-	}
-	stepFn, found := agg.MethodByName("Step")
-	if !found {
-		return errors.New("SQlite aggregator doesn't have a Step() function")
-	}
-	step := stepFn.Type
-	if step.NumOut() != 0 && step.NumOut() != 1 {
-		return errors.New("SQlite aggregator Step() function must return 0 or 1 values")
-	}
-	if step.NumOut() == 1 && !step.Out(0).Implements(reflect.TypeOf((*error)(nil)).Elem()) {
-		return errors.New("type of SQlite aggregator Step() return value must be error")
-	}
-
-	stepNArgs := step.NumIn()
-	start := 0
-	if agg.Kind() == reflect.Ptr {
-		// Skip over the method receiver
-		stepNArgs--
-		start++
-	}
-	if step.IsVariadic() {
-		stepNArgs--
-	}
-	for i := start; i < start+stepNArgs; i++ {
-		conv, err := callbackArg(step.In(i))
-		if err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-		ai.stepArgConverters = append(ai.stepArgConverters, conv)
-	}
-	if step.IsVariadic() {
-		conv, err := callbackArg(t.In(start + stepNArgs).Elem())
-		if err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-		ai.stepVariadicConverter = conv
-		// Pass -1 to sqlite so that it allows any number of
-		// arguments. The call helper verifies that the minimum number
-		// of arguments is present for variadic functions.
-		stepNArgs = -1
-	}
-
-	doneFn, found := agg.MethodByName("Done")
-	if !found {
-		return errors.New("SQlite aggregator doesn't have a Done() function")
-	}
-	done := doneFn.Type
-	doneNArgs := done.NumIn()
-	if agg.Kind() == reflect.Ptr {
-		// Skip over the method receiver
-		doneNArgs--
-	}
-	if doneNArgs != 0 {
-		return errors.New("SQlite aggregator Done() function must have no arguments")
-	}
-	if done.NumOut() != 1 && done.NumOut() != 2 {
-		return errors.New("SQLite aggregator Done() function must return 1 or 2 values")
-	}
-	if done.NumOut() == 2 && !done.Out(1).Implements(reflect.TypeOf((*error)(nil)).Elem()) {
-		return errors.New("second return value of SQLite aggregator Done() function must be error")
-	}
-
-	conv, err := callbackRet(done.Out(0))
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-	ai.doneRetConverter = conv
-	ai.active = make(map[int64]reflect.Value)
-	ai.next = 1
-
-	// ai must outlast the database connection, or we'll have dangling pointers.
-	c.aggregators = append(c.aggregators, &ai)
-
-	cname := C.CString(name)
-	defer C.free(unsafe.Pointer(cname))
-	opts := C.SQLITE_UTF8
-	if pure {
-		opts |= C.SQLITE_DETERMINISTIC
-	}
-	rv := C._sqlite3_create_function(c.db, cname, C.int(stepNArgs), C.int(opts), C.uintptr_t(newHandle(c, &ai)), nil, (*[0]byte)(unsafe.Pointer(C.stepTrampoline)), (*[0]byte)(unsafe.Pointer(C.doneTrampoline)))
-	if rv != C.SQLITE_OK {
-		return c.lastError()
-	}
-	return nil
 }
 
 // AutoCommit return which currently auto commit or not.
@@ -504,22 +399,38 @@ func (c *SQLiteConn) AutoCommit() bool {
 	return int(C.sqlite3_get_autocommit(c.db)) != 0
 }
 
-func (c *SQLiteConn) lastError() Error {
+func (c *SQLiteConn) lastError() error {
+	return lastError(c.db)
+}
+
+func lastError(db *C.sqlite3) error {
+	rv := C.sqlite3_errcode(db)
+	if rv == C.SQLITE_OK {
+		return nil
+	}
 	return Error{
-		Code:         ErrNo(C.sqlite3_errcode(c.db)),
+		Code:         ErrNo(rv),
-		ExtendedCode: ErrNoExtended(C.sqlite3_extended_errcode(c.db)),
+		ExtendedCode: ErrNoExtended(C.sqlite3_extended_errcode(db)),
-		err:          C.GoString(C.sqlite3_errmsg(c.db)),
+		err:          C.GoString(C.sqlite3_errmsg(db)),
 	}
 }
 
-// Implements Execer
+// Exec implements Execer.
 func (c *SQLiteConn) Exec(query string, args []driver.Value) (driver.Result, error) {
-	if len(args) == 0 {
+	list := make([]namedValue, len(args))
-		return c.exec(query)
+	for i, v := range args {
+		list[i] = namedValue{
+			Ordinal: i + 1,
+			Value:   v,
+		}
 	}
+	return c.exec(context.Background(), query, list)
+}
 
+func (c *SQLiteConn) exec(ctx context.Context, query string, args []namedValue) (driver.Result, error) {
+	start := 0
 	for {
-		s, err := c.Prepare(query)
+		s, err := c.prepare(ctx, query)
 		if err != nil {
 			return nil, err
 		}
@@ -527,14 +438,19 @@ func (c *SQLiteConn) Exec(query string, args []driver.Value) (driver.Result, err
 		if s.(*SQLiteStmt).s != nil {
 			na := s.NumInput()
 			if len(args) < na {
-				return nil, fmt.Errorf("Not enough args to execute query. Expected %d, got %d.", na, len(args))
+				s.Close()
+				return nil, fmt.Errorf("not enough args to execute query: want %d got %d", na, len(args))
 			}
-			res, err = s.Exec(args[:na])
+			for i := 0; i < na; i++ {
+				args[i].Ordinal -= start
+			}
+			res, err = s.(*SQLiteStmt).exec(ctx, args[:na])
 			if err != nil && err != driver.ErrSkip {
 				s.Close()
 				return nil, err
 			}
 			args = args[na:]
+			start += na
 		}
 		tail := s.(*SQLiteStmt).t
 		s.Close()
@@ -545,24 +461,46 @@ func (c *SQLiteConn) Exec(query string, args []driver.Value) (driver.Result, err
 	}
 }
 
-// Implements Queryer
+type namedValue struct {
+	Name    string
+	Ordinal int
+	Value   driver.Value
+}
+
+// Query implements Queryer.
 func (c *SQLiteConn) Query(query string, args []driver.Value) (driver.Rows, error) {
+	list := make([]namedValue, len(args))
+	for i, v := range args {
+		list[i] = namedValue{
+			Ordinal: i + 1,
+			Value:   v,
+		}
+	}
+	return c.query(context.Background(), query, list)
+}
+
+func (c *SQLiteConn) query(ctx context.Context, query string, args []namedValue) (driver.Rows, error) {
+	start := 0
 	for {
-		s, err := c.Prepare(query)
+		s, err := c.prepare(ctx, query)
 		if err != nil {
 			return nil, err
 		}
 		s.(*SQLiteStmt).cls = true
 		na := s.NumInput()
 		if len(args) < na {
-			return nil, fmt.Errorf("Not enough args to execute query. Expected %d, got %d.", na, len(args))
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("not enough args to execute query: want %d got %d", na, len(args))
 		}
-		rows, err := s.Query(args[:na])
+		for i := 0; i < na; i++ {
+			args[i].Ordinal -= start
+		}
+		rows, err := s.(*SQLiteStmt).query(ctx, args[:na])
 		if err != nil && err != driver.ErrSkip {
 			s.Close()
-			return nil, err
+			return rows, err
 		}
 		args = args[na:]
+		start += na
 		tail := s.(*SQLiteStmt).t
 		if tail == "" {
 			return rows, nil
@@ -573,21 +511,13 @@ func (c *SQLiteConn) Query(query string, args []driver.Value) (driver.Rows, erro
 	}
 }
 
-func (c *SQLiteConn) exec(cmd string) (driver.Result, error) {
-	pcmd := C.CString(cmd)
-	defer C.free(unsafe.Pointer(pcmd))
-
-	var rowid, changes C.longlong
-	rv := C._sqlite3_exec(c.db, pcmd, &rowid, &changes)
-	if rv != C.SQLITE_OK {
-		return nil, c.lastError()
-	}
-	return &SQLiteResult{int64(rowid), int64(changes)}, nil
-}
-
 // Begin transaction.
 func (c *SQLiteConn) Begin() (driver.Tx, error) {
-	if _, err := c.exec(c.txlock); err != nil {
+	return c.begin(context.Background())
+}
+
+func (c *SQLiteConn) begin(ctx context.Context) (driver.Tx, error) {
+	if _, err := c.exec(ctx, c.txlock, nil); err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
 	return &SQLiteTx{c}, nil
@@ -598,7 +528,7 @@ func errorString(err Error) string {
 }
 
 // Open database and return a new connection.
-// You can specify DSN string with URI filename.
+// You can specify a DSN string using a URI as the filename.
 //   test.db
 //   file:test.db?cache=shared&mode=memory
 //   :memory:
@@ -611,6 +541,8 @@ func errorString(err Error) string {
 //   _txlock=XXX
 //     Specify locking behavior for transactions.  XXX can be "immediate",
 //     "deferred", "exclusive".
+//   _foreign_keys=X
+//     Enable or disable enforcement of foreign keys.  X can be 1 or 0.
 func (d *SQLiteDriver) Open(dsn string) (driver.Conn, error) {
 	if C.sqlite3_threadsafe() == 0 {
 		return nil, errors.New("sqlite library was not compiled for thread-safe operation")
@@ -618,7 +550,8 @@ func (d *SQLiteDriver) Open(dsn string) (driver.Conn, error) {
 
 	var loc *time.Location
 	txlock := "BEGIN"
-	busy_timeout := 5000
+	busyTimeout := 5000
+	foreignKeys := -1
 	pos := strings.IndexRune(dsn, '?')
 	if pos >= 1 {
 		params, err := url.ParseQuery(dsn[pos+1:])
@@ -644,7 +577,7 @@ func (d *SQLiteDriver) Open(dsn string) (driver.Conn, error) {
 			if err != nil {
 				return nil, fmt.Errorf("Invalid _busy_timeout: %v: %v", val, err)
 			}
-			busy_timeout = int(iv)
+			busyTimeout = int(iv)
 		}
 
 		// _txlock
@@ -661,6 +594,18 @@ func (d *SQLiteDriver) Open(dsn string) (driver.Conn, error) {
 			}
 		}
 
+		// _foreign_keys
+		if val := params.Get("_foreign_keys"); val != "" {
+			switch val {
+			case "1":
+				foreignKeys = 1
+			case "0":
+				foreignKeys = 0
+			default:
+				return nil, fmt.Errorf("Invalid _foreign_keys: %v", val)
+			}
+		}
+
 		if !strings.HasPrefix(dsn, "file:") {
 			dsn = dsn[:pos]
 		}
@@ -681,21 +626,45 @@ func (d *SQLiteDriver) Open(dsn string) (driver.Conn, error) {
 		return nil, errors.New("sqlite succeeded without returning a database")
 	}
 
-	rv = C.sqlite3_busy_timeout(db, C.int(busy_timeout))
+	rv = C.sqlite3_busy_timeout(db, C.int(busyTimeout))
 	if rv != C.SQLITE_OK {
+		C.sqlite3_close_v2(db)
 		return nil, Error{Code: ErrNo(rv)}
 	}
 
+	exec := func(s string) error {
+		cs := C.CString(s)
+		rv := C.sqlite3_exec(db, cs, nil, nil, nil)
+		C.free(unsafe.Pointer(cs))
+		if rv != C.SQLITE_OK {
+			return lastError(db)
+		}
+		return nil
+	}
+	if foreignKeys == 0 {
+		if err := exec("PRAGMA foreign_keys = OFF;"); err != nil {
+			C.sqlite3_close_v2(db)
+			return nil, err
+		}
+	} else if foreignKeys == 1 {
+		if err := exec("PRAGMA foreign_keys = ON;"); err != nil {
+			C.sqlite3_close_v2(db)
+			return nil, err
+		}
+	}
+
 	conn := &SQLiteConn{db: db, loc: loc, txlock: txlock}
 
 	if len(d.Extensions) > 0 {
 		if err := conn.loadExtensions(d.Extensions); err != nil {
+			conn.Close()
 			return nil, err
 		}
 	}
 
 	if d.ConnectHook != nil {
 		if err := d.ConnectHook(conn); err != nil {
+			conn.Close()
 			return nil, err
 		}
 	}
@@ -705,18 +674,22 @@ func (d *SQLiteDriver) Open(dsn string) (driver.Conn, error) {
 
 // Close the connection.
 func (c *SQLiteConn) Close() error {
-	deleteHandles(c)
 	rv := C.sqlite3_close_v2(c.db)
 	if rv != C.SQLITE_OK {
 		return c.lastError()
 	}
+	deleteHandles(c)
 	c.db = nil
 	runtime.SetFinalizer(c, nil)
 	return nil
 }
 
-// Prepare query string. Return a new statement.
+// Prepare the query string. Return a new statement.
 func (c *SQLiteConn) Prepare(query string) (driver.Stmt, error) {
+	return c.prepare(context.Background(), query)
+}
+
+func (c *SQLiteConn) prepare(ctx context.Context, query string) (driver.Stmt, error) {
 	pquery := C.CString(query)
 	defer C.free(unsafe.Pointer(pquery))
 	var s *C.sqlite3_stmt
@@ -729,15 +702,7 @@ func (c *SQLiteConn) Prepare(query string) (driver.Stmt, error) {
 	if tail != nil && *tail != '\000' {
 		t = strings.TrimSpace(C.GoString(tail))
 	}
-	nv := int(C.sqlite3_bind_parameter_count(s))
+	ss := &SQLiteStmt{c: c, s: s, t: t}
-	var nn []string
-	for i := 0; i < nv; i++ {
-		pn := C.GoString(C.sqlite3_bind_parameter_name(s, C.int(i+1)))
-		if len(pn) > 1 && pn[0] == '$' && 48 <= pn[1] && pn[1] <= 57 {
-			nn = append(nn, C.GoString(C.sqlite3_bind_parameter_name(s, C.int(i+1))))
-		}
-	}
-	ss := &SQLiteStmt{c: c, s: s, nv: nv, nn: nn, t: t}
 	runtime.SetFinalizer(ss, (*SQLiteStmt).Close)
 	return ss, nil
 }
@@ -759,9 +724,9 @@ func (s *SQLiteStmt) Close() error {
 	return nil
 }
 
-// Return a number of parameters.
+// NumInput return a number of parameters.
 func (s *SQLiteStmt) NumInput() int {
-	return s.nv
+	return int(C.sqlite3_bind_parameter_count(s.s))
 }
 
 type bindArg struct {
@@ -769,37 +734,30 @@ type bindArg struct {
 	v driver.Value
 }
 
-func (s *SQLiteStmt) bind(args []driver.Value) error {
+var placeHolder byte = 0
+
+func (s *SQLiteStmt) bind(args []namedValue) error {
 	rv := C.sqlite3_reset(s.s)
 	if rv != C.SQLITE_ROW && rv != C.SQLITE_OK && rv != C.SQLITE_DONE {
 		return s.c.lastError()
 	}
 
-	var vargs []bindArg
+	for i, v := range args {
-	narg := len(args)
+		if v.Name != "" {
-	vargs = make([]bindArg, narg)
+			cname := C.CString(":" + v.Name)
-	if len(s.nn) > 0 {
+			args[i].Ordinal = int(C.sqlite3_bind_parameter_index(s.s, cname))
-		for i, v := range s.nn {
+			C.free(unsafe.Pointer(cname))
-			if pi, err := strconv.Atoi(v[1:]); err == nil {
-				vargs[i] = bindArg{pi, args[i]}
-			}
-		}
-	} else {
-		for i, v := range args {
-			vargs[i] = bindArg{i + 1, v}
 		}
 	}
 
-	for _, varg := range vargs {
+	for _, arg := range args {
-		n := C.int(varg.n)
+		n := C.int(arg.Ordinal)
-		v := varg.v
+		switch v := arg.Value.(type) {
-		switch v := v.(type) {
 		case nil:
 			rv = C.sqlite3_bind_null(s.s, n)
 		case string:
 			if len(v) == 0 {
-				b := []byte{0}
+				rv = C._sqlite3_bind_text(s.s, n, (*C.char)(unsafe.Pointer(&placeHolder)), C.int(0))
-				rv = C._sqlite3_bind_text(s.s, n, (*C.char)(unsafe.Pointer(&b[0])), C.int(0))
 			} else {
 				b := []byte(v)
 				rv = C._sqlite3_bind_text(s.s, n, (*C.char)(unsafe.Pointer(&b[0])), C.int(len(b)))
@@ -815,11 +773,13 @@ func (s *SQLiteStmt) bind(args []driver.Value) error {
 		case float64:
 			rv = C.sqlite3_bind_double(s.s, n, C.double(v))
 		case []byte:
+			var ptr *byte
 			if len(v) == 0 {
-				rv = C._sqlite3_bind_blob(s.s, n, nil, 0)
+				ptr = &placeHolder
 			} else {
-				rv = C._sqlite3_bind_blob(s.s, n, unsafe.Pointer(&v[0]), C.int(len(v)))
+				ptr = &v[0]
 			}
+			rv = C._sqlite3_bind_blob(s.s, n, unsafe.Pointer(ptr), C.int(len(v)))
 		case time.Time:
 			b := []byte(v.Format(SQLiteTimestampFormats[0]))
 			rv = C._sqlite3_bind_text(s.s, n, (*C.char)(unsafe.Pointer(&b[0])), C.int(len(b)))
@@ -833,29 +793,85 @@ func (s *SQLiteStmt) bind(args []driver.Value) error {
 
 // Query the statement with arguments. Return records.
 func (s *SQLiteStmt) Query(args []driver.Value) (driver.Rows, error) {
+	list := make([]namedValue, len(args))
+	for i, v := range args {
+		list[i] = namedValue{
+			Ordinal: i + 1,
+			Value:   v,
+		}
+	}
+	return s.query(context.Background(), list)
+}
+
+func (s *SQLiteStmt) query(ctx context.Context, args []namedValue) (driver.Rows, error) {
 	if err := s.bind(args); err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
-	return &SQLiteRows{s, int(C.sqlite3_column_count(s.s)), nil, nil, s.cls}, nil
+
+	rows := &SQLiteRows{
+		s:        s,
+		nc:       int(C.sqlite3_column_count(s.s)),
+		cols:     nil,
+		decltype: nil,
+		cls:      s.cls,
+		done:     make(chan struct{}),
+	}
+
+	go func(db *C.sqlite3) {
+		select {
+		case <-ctx.Done():
+			select {
+			case <-rows.done:
+			default:
+				C.sqlite3_interrupt(db)
+				rows.Close()
+			}
+		case <-rows.done:
+		}
+	}(s.c.db)
+
+	return rows, nil
 }
 
-// Return last inserted ID.
+// LastInsertId teturn last inserted ID.
 func (r *SQLiteResult) LastInsertId() (int64, error) {
 	return r.id, nil
 }
 
-// Return how many rows affected.
+// RowsAffected return how many rows affected.
 func (r *SQLiteResult) RowsAffected() (int64, error) {
 	return r.changes, nil
 }
 
-// Execute the statement with arguments. Return result object.
+// Exec execute the statement with arguments. Return result object.
 func (s *SQLiteStmt) Exec(args []driver.Value) (driver.Result, error) {
+	list := make([]namedValue, len(args))
+	for i, v := range args {
+		list[i] = namedValue{
+			Ordinal: i + 1,
+			Value:   v,
+		}
+	}
+	return s.exec(context.Background(), list)
+}
+
+func (s *SQLiteStmt) exec(ctx context.Context, args []namedValue) (driver.Result, error) {
 	if err := s.bind(args); err != nil {
 		C.sqlite3_reset(s.s)
 		C.sqlite3_clear_bindings(s.s)
 		return nil, err
 	}
+
+	done := make(chan struct{})
+	defer close(done)
+	go func(db *C.sqlite3) {
+		select {
+		case <-ctx.Done():
+			C.sqlite3_interrupt(db)
+		case <-done:
+		}
+	}(s.c.db)
+
 	var rowid, changes C.longlong
 	rv := C._sqlite3_step(s.s, &rowid, &changes)
 	if rv != C.SQLITE_ROW && rv != C.SQLITE_OK && rv != C.SQLITE_DONE {
@@ -864,7 +880,8 @@ func (s *SQLiteStmt) Exec(args []driver.Value) (driver.Result, error) {
 		C.sqlite3_clear_bindings(s.s)
 		return nil, err
 	}
-	return &SQLiteResult{int64(rowid), int64(changes)}, nil
+
+	return &SQLiteResult{id: int64(rowid), changes: int64(changes)}, nil
 }
 
 // Close the rows.
@@ -872,6 +889,9 @@ func (rc *SQLiteRows) Close() error {
 	if rc.s.closed {
 		return nil
 	}
+	if rc.done != nil {
+		close(rc.done)
+	}
 	if rc.cls {
 		return rc.s.Close()
 	}
@@ -882,7 +902,7 @@ func (rc *SQLiteRows) Close() error {
 	return nil
 }
 
-// Return column names.
+// Columns return column names.
 func (rc *SQLiteRows) Columns() []string {
 	if rc.nc != len(rc.cols) {
 		rc.cols = make([]string, rc.nc)
@@ -893,7 +913,18 @@ func (rc *SQLiteRows) Columns() []string {
 	return rc.cols
 }
 
-// Move cursor to next.
+// DeclTypes return column types.
+func (rc *SQLiteRows) DeclTypes() []string {
+	if rc.decltype == nil {
+		rc.decltype = make([]string, rc.nc)
+		for i := 0; i < rc.nc; i++ {
+			rc.decltype[i] = strings.ToLower(C.GoString(C.sqlite3_column_decltype(rc.s.s, C.int(i))))
+		}
+	}
+	return rc.decltype
+}
+
+// Next move cursor to next.
 func (rc *SQLiteRows) Next(dest []driver.Value) error {
 	rv := C.sqlite3_step(rc.s.s)
 	if rv == C.SQLITE_DONE {
@@ -907,12 +938,7 @@ func (rc *SQLiteRows) Next(dest []driver.Value) error {
 		return nil
 	}
 
-	if rc.decltype == nil {
+	rc.DeclTypes()
-		rc.decltype = make([]string, rc.nc)
-		for i := 0; i < rc.nc; i++ {
-			rc.decltype[i] = strings.ToLower(C.GoString(C.sqlite3_column_decltype(rc.s.s, C.int(i))))
-		}
-	}
 
 	for i := range dest {
 		switch C.sqlite3_column_type(rc.s.s, C.int(i)) {

sqlite3_context.go

@@ -0,0 +1,103 @@
+// Copyright (C) 2014 Yasuhiro Matsumoto <mattn.jp@gmail.com>.
+//
+// Use of this source code is governed by an MIT-style
+// license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
+
+package sqlite3
+
+/*
+
+#ifndef USE_LIBSQLITE3
+#include <sqlite3-binding.h>
+#else
+#include <sqlite3.h>
+#endif
+#include <stdlib.h>
+// These wrappers are necessary because SQLITE_TRANSIENT
+// is a pointer constant, and cgo doesn't translate them correctly.
+
+static inline void my_result_text(sqlite3_context *ctx, char *p, int np) {
+	sqlite3_result_text(ctx, p, np, SQLITE_TRANSIENT);
+}
+
+static inline void my_result_blob(sqlite3_context *ctx, void *p, int np) {
+	sqlite3_result_blob(ctx, p, np, SQLITE_TRANSIENT);
+}
+*/
+import "C"
+
+import (
+	"math"
+	"reflect"
+	"unsafe"
+)
+
+const i64 = unsafe.Sizeof(int(0)) > 4
+
+// SQLiteContext behave sqlite3_context
+type SQLiteContext C.sqlite3_context
+
+// ResultBool sets the result of an SQL function.
+func (c *SQLiteContext) ResultBool(b bool) {
+	if b {
+		c.ResultInt(1)
+	} else {
+		c.ResultInt(0)
+	}
+}
+
+// ResultBlob sets the result of an SQL function.
+// See: sqlite3_result_blob, http://sqlite.org/c3ref/result_blob.html
+func (c *SQLiteContext) ResultBlob(b []byte) {
+	if i64 && len(b) > math.MaxInt32 {
+		C.sqlite3_result_error_toobig((*C.sqlite3_context)(c))
+		return
+	}
+	var p *byte
+	if len(b) > 0 {
+		p = &b[0]
+	}
+	C.my_result_blob((*C.sqlite3_context)(c), unsafe.Pointer(p), C.int(len(b)))
+}
+
+// ResultDouble sets the result of an SQL function.
+// See: sqlite3_result_double, http://sqlite.org/c3ref/result_blob.html
+func (c *SQLiteContext) ResultDouble(d float64) {
+	C.sqlite3_result_double((*C.sqlite3_context)(c), C.double(d))
+}
+
+// ResultInt sets the result of an SQL function.
+// See: sqlite3_result_int, http://sqlite.org/c3ref/result_blob.html
+func (c *SQLiteContext) ResultInt(i int) {
+	if i64 && (i > math.MaxInt32 || i < math.MinInt32) {
+		C.sqlite3_result_int64((*C.sqlite3_context)(c), C.sqlite3_int64(i))
+	} else {
+		C.sqlite3_result_int((*C.sqlite3_context)(c), C.int(i))
+	}
+}
+
+// ResultInt64 sets the result of an SQL function.
+// See: sqlite3_result_int64, http://sqlite.org/c3ref/result_blob.html
+func (c *SQLiteContext) ResultInt64(i int64) {
+	C.sqlite3_result_int64((*C.sqlite3_context)(c), C.sqlite3_int64(i))
+}
+
+// ResultNull sets the result of an SQL function.
+// See: sqlite3_result_null, http://sqlite.org/c3ref/result_blob.html
+func (c *SQLiteContext) ResultNull() {
+	C.sqlite3_result_null((*C.sqlite3_context)(c))
+}
+
+// ResultText sets the result of an SQL function.
+// See: sqlite3_result_text, http://sqlite.org/c3ref/result_blob.html
+func (c *SQLiteContext) ResultText(s string) {
+	h := (*reflect.StringHeader)(unsafe.Pointer(&s))
+	cs, l := (*C.char)(unsafe.Pointer(h.Data)), C.int(h.Len)
+	C.my_result_text((*C.sqlite3_context)(c), cs, l)
+}
+
+// ResultZeroblob sets the result of an SQL function.
+// See: sqlite3_result_zeroblob, http://sqlite.org/c3ref/result_blob.html
+func (c *SQLiteContext) ResultZeroblob(n int) {
+	C.sqlite3_result_zeroblob((*C.sqlite3_context)(c), C.int(n))
+}

sqlite3_fts3_test.go

@@ -93,7 +93,10 @@ func TestFTS4(t *testing.T) {
 
 	_, err = db.Exec("DROP TABLE foo")
 	_, err = db.Exec("CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE foo USING fts4(tokenize=unicode61, id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, value TEXT)")
-	if err != nil {
+	switch {
+	case err != nil && err.Error() == "unknown tokenizer: unicode61":
+		t.Skip("FTS4 not supported")
+	case err != nil:
 		t.Fatal("Failed to create table:", err)
 	}
 

sqlite3_fts5.go

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+// Copyright (C) 2014 Yasuhiro Matsumoto <mattn.jp@gmail.com>.
+//
+// Use of this source code is governed by an MIT-style
+// license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
+// +build fts5
+
+package sqlite3
+
+/*
+#cgo CFLAGS: -DSQLITE_ENABLE_FTS5
+#cgo LDFLAGS: -lm
+*/
+import "C"

sqlite3_go18.go

@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+// Copyright (C) 2014 Yasuhiro Matsumoto <mattn.jp@gmail.com>.
+//
+// Use of this source code is governed by an MIT-style
+// license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
+
+// +build go1.8
+
+package sqlite3
+
+import (
+	"database/sql/driver"
+	"errors"
+
+	"context"
+)
+
+// Ping implement Pinger.
+func (c *SQLiteConn) Ping(ctx context.Context) error {
+	if c.db == nil {
+		return errors.New("Connection was closed")
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+// QueryContext implement QueryerContext.
+func (c *SQLiteConn) QueryContext(ctx context.Context, query string, args []driver.NamedValue) (driver.Rows, error) {
+	list := make([]namedValue, len(args))
+	for i, nv := range args {
+		list[i] = namedValue(nv)
+	}
+	return c.query(ctx, query, list)
+}
+
+// ExecContext implement ExecerContext.
+func (c *SQLiteConn) ExecContext(ctx context.Context, query string, args []driver.NamedValue) (driver.Result, error) {
+	list := make([]namedValue, len(args))
+	for i, nv := range args {
+		list[i] = namedValue(nv)
+	}
+	return c.exec(ctx, query, list)
+}
+
+// PrepareContext implement ConnPrepareContext.
+func (c *SQLiteConn) PrepareContext(ctx context.Context, query string) (driver.Stmt, error) {
+	return c.prepare(ctx, query)
+}
+
+// BeginTx implement ConnBeginTx.
+func (c *SQLiteConn) BeginTx(ctx context.Context, opts driver.TxOptions) (driver.Tx, error) {
+	return c.begin(ctx)
+}
+
+// QueryContext implement QueryerContext.
+func (s *SQLiteStmt) QueryContext(ctx context.Context, args []driver.NamedValue) (driver.Rows, error) {
+	list := make([]namedValue, len(args))
+	for i, nv := range args {
+		list[i] = namedValue(nv)
+	}
+	return s.query(ctx, list)
+}
+
+// ExecContext implement ExecerContext.
+func (s *SQLiteStmt) ExecContext(ctx context.Context, args []driver.NamedValue) (driver.Result, error) {
+	list := make([]namedValue, len(args))
+	for i, nv := range args {
+		list[i] = namedValue(nv)
+	}
+	return s.exec(ctx, list)
+}

sqlite3_go18_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+// Copyright (C) 2014 Yasuhiro Matsumoto <mattn.jp@gmail.com>.
+//
+// Use of this source code is governed by an MIT-style
+// license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
+
+// +build go1.8
+
+package sqlite3
+
+import (
+	"database/sql"
+	"os"
+	"testing"
+)
+
+func TestNamedParams(t *testing.T) {
+	tempFilename := TempFilename(t)
+	defer os.Remove(tempFilename)
+	db, err := sql.Open("sqlite3", tempFilename)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal("Failed to open database:", err)
+	}
+	defer db.Close()
+
+	_, err = db.Exec(`
+	create table foo (id integer, name text, extra text);
+	`)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Error("Failed to call db.Query:", err)
+	}
+
+	_, err = db.Exec(`insert into foo(id, name, extra) values(:id, :name, :name)`, sql.Named("name", "foo"), sql.Named("id", 1))
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Error("Failed to call db.Exec:", err)
+	}
+
+	row := db.QueryRow(`select id, extra from foo where id = :id and extra = :extra`, sql.Named("id", 1), sql.Named("extra", "foo"))
+	if row == nil {
+		t.Error("Failed to call db.QueryRow")
+	}
+	var id int
+	var extra string
+	err = row.Scan(&id, &extra)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Error("Failed to db.Scan:", err)
+	}
+	if id != 1 || extra != "foo" {
+		t.Error("Failed to db.QueryRow: not matched results")
+	}
+}

sqlite3_icu.go

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 //
 // Use of this source code is governed by an MIT-style
 // license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
-// +build icu 
+// +build icu
 
 package sqlite3
 

sqlite3_json1.go

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+// Copyright (C) 2014 Yasuhiro Matsumoto <mattn.jp@gmail.com>.
+//
+// Use of this source code is governed by an MIT-style
+// license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
+// +build json1
+
+package sqlite3
+
+/*
+#cgo CFLAGS: -DSQLITE_ENABLE_JSON1
+*/
+import "C"

sqlite3_libsqlite3.go

@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ package sqlite3
 
 /*
 #cgo CFLAGS: -DUSE_LIBSQLITE3
-#cgo LDFLAGS: -lsqlite3
+#cgo linux LDFLAGS: -lsqlite3
+#cgo darwin LDFLAGS: -L/usr/local/opt/sqlite/lib -lsqlite3
 */
 import "C"

sqlite3_load_extension.go

@@ -7,7 +7,11 @@
 package sqlite3
 
 /*
+#ifndef USE_LIBSQLITE3
 #include <sqlite3-binding.h>
+#else
+#include <sqlite3.h>
+#endif
 #include <stdlib.h>
 */
 import "C"
@@ -27,6 +31,7 @@ func (c *SQLiteConn) loadExtensions(extensions []string) error {
 		defer C.free(unsafe.Pointer(cext))
 		rv = C.sqlite3_load_extension(c.db, cext, nil, nil)
 		if rv != C.SQLITE_OK {
+			C.sqlite3_enable_load_extension(c.db, 0)
 			return errors.New(C.GoString(C.sqlite3_errmsg(c.db)))
 		}
 	}
@@ -37,3 +42,28 @@ func (c *SQLiteConn) loadExtensions(extensions []string) error {
 	}
 	return nil
 }
+
+// LoadExtension load the sqlite3 extension.
+func (c *SQLiteConn) LoadExtension(lib string, entry string) error {
+	rv := C.sqlite3_enable_load_extension(c.db, 1)
+	if rv != C.SQLITE_OK {
+		return errors.New(C.GoString(C.sqlite3_errmsg(c.db)))
+	}
+
+	clib := C.CString(lib)
+	defer C.free(unsafe.Pointer(clib))
+	centry := C.CString(entry)
+	defer C.free(unsafe.Pointer(centry))
+
+	rv = C.sqlite3_load_extension(c.db, clib, centry, nil)
+	if rv != C.SQLITE_OK {
+		return errors.New(C.GoString(C.sqlite3_errmsg(c.db)))
+	}
+
+	rv = C.sqlite3_enable_load_extension(c.db, 0)
+	if rv != C.SQLITE_OK {
+		return errors.New(C.GoString(C.sqlite3_errmsg(c.db)))
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}

sqlite3_omit_load_extension.go

@@ -17,3 +17,7 @@ import (
 func (c *SQLiteConn) loadExtensions(extensions []string) error {
 	return errors.New("Extensions have been disabled for static builds")
 }
+
+func (c *SQLiteConn) LoadExtension(lib string, entry string) error {
+	return errors.New("Extensions have been disabled for static builds")
+}

sqlite3_test.go

@@ -107,6 +107,35 @@ func TestReadonly(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }
 
+func TestForeignKeys(t *testing.T) {
+	cases := map[string]bool{
+		"?_foreign_keys=1": true,
+		"?_foreign_keys=0": false,
+	}
+	for option, want := range cases {
+		fname := TempFilename(t)
+		uri := "file:" + fname + option
+		db, err := sql.Open("sqlite3", uri)
+		if err != nil {
+			os.Remove(fname)
+			t.Errorf("sql.Open(\"sqlite3\", %q): %v", uri, err)
+			continue
+		}
+		var enabled bool
+		err = db.QueryRow("PRAGMA foreign_keys;").Scan(&enabled)
+		db.Close()
+		os.Remove(fname)
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Errorf("query foreign_keys for %s: %v", uri, err)
+			continue
+		}
+		if enabled != want {
+			t.Errorf("\"PRAGMA foreign_keys;\" for %q = %t; want %t", uri, enabled, want)
+			continue
+		}
+	}
+}
+
 func TestClose(t *testing.T) {
 	tempFilename := TempFilename(t)
 	defer os.Remove(tempFilename)
@@ -168,7 +197,7 @@ func TestInsert(t *testing.T) {
 	var result int
 	rows.Scan(&result)
 	if result != 123 {
-		t.Errorf("Fetched %q; expected %q", 123, result)
+		t.Errorf("Expected %d for fetched result, but %d:", 123, result)
 	}
 }
 
@@ -207,12 +236,12 @@ func TestUpdate(t *testing.T) {
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatal("Failed to update record:", err)
 	}
-	lastId, err := res.LastInsertId()
+	lastID, err := res.LastInsertId()
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatal("Failed to get LastInsertId:", err)
 	}
-	if expected != lastId {
+	if expected != lastID {
-		t.Errorf("Expected %q for last Id, but %q:", expected, lastId)
+		t.Errorf("Expected %q for last Id, but %q:", expected, lastID)
 	}
 	affected, _ = res.RowsAffected()
 	if err != nil {
@@ -233,7 +262,7 @@ func TestUpdate(t *testing.T) {
 	var result int
 	rows.Scan(&result)
 	if result != 234 {
-		t.Errorf("Fetched %q; expected %q", 234, result)
+		t.Errorf("Expected %d for fetched result, but %d:", 234, result)
 	}
 }
 
@@ -272,12 +301,12 @@ func TestDelete(t *testing.T) {
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatal("Failed to delete record:", err)
 	}
-	lastId, err := res.LastInsertId()
+	lastID, err := res.LastInsertId()
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatal("Failed to get LastInsertId:", err)
 	}
-	if expected != lastId {
+	if expected != lastID {
-		t.Errorf("Expected %q for last Id, but %q:", expected, lastId)
+		t.Errorf("Expected %q for last Id, but %q:", expected, lastID)
 	}
 	affected, err = res.RowsAffected()
 	if err != nil {
@@ -993,42 +1022,6 @@ func TestVersion(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }
 
-func TestNumberNamedParams(t *testing.T) {
-	tempFilename := TempFilename(t)
-	defer os.Remove(tempFilename)
-	db, err := sql.Open("sqlite3", tempFilename)
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatal("Failed to open database:", err)
-	}
-	defer db.Close()
-
-	_, err = db.Exec(`
-	create table foo (id integer, name text, extra text);
-	`)
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Error("Failed to call db.Query:", err)
-	}
-
-	_, err = db.Exec(`insert into foo(id, name, extra) values($1, $2, $2)`, 1, "foo")
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Error("Failed to call db.Exec:", err)
-	}
-
-	row := db.QueryRow(`select id, extra from foo where id = $1 and extra = $2`, 1, "foo")
-	if row == nil {
-		t.Error("Failed to call db.QueryRow")
-	}
-	var id int
-	var extra string
-	err = row.Scan(&id, &extra)
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Error("Failed to db.Scan:", err)
-	}
-	if id != 1 || extra != "foo" {
-		t.Error("Failed to db.QueryRow: not matched results")
-	}
-}
-
 func TestStringContainingZero(t *testing.T) {
 	tempFilename := TempFilename(t)
 	defer os.Remove(tempFilename)
@@ -1106,12 +1099,12 @@ func TestDateTimeNow(t *testing.T) {
 }
 
 func TestFunctionRegistration(t *testing.T) {
-	addi_8_16_32 := func(a int8, b int16) int32 { return int32(a) + int32(b) }
+	addi8_16_32 := func(a int8, b int16) int32 { return int32(a) + int32(b) }
-	addi_64 := func(a, b int64) int64 { return a + b }
+	addi64 := func(a, b int64) int64 { return a + b }
-	addu_8_16_32 := func(a uint8, b uint16) uint32 { return uint32(a) + uint32(b) }
+	addu8_16_32 := func(a uint8, b uint16) uint32 { return uint32(a) + uint32(b) }
-	addu_64 := func(a, b uint64) uint64 { return a + b }
+	addu64 := func(a, b uint64) uint64 { return a + b }
 	addiu := func(a int, b uint) int64 { return int64(a) + int64(b) }
-	addf_32_64 := func(a float32, b float64) float64 { return float64(a) + b }
+	addf32_64 := func(a float32, b float64) float64 { return float64(a) + b }
 	not := func(a bool) bool { return !a }
 	regex := func(re, s string) (bool, error) {
 		return regexp.MatchString(re, s)
@@ -1143,22 +1136,22 @@ func TestFunctionRegistration(t *testing.T) {
 
 	sql.Register("sqlite3_FunctionRegistration", &SQLiteDriver{
 		ConnectHook: func(conn *SQLiteConn) error {
-			if err := conn.RegisterFunc("addi_8_16_32", addi_8_16_32, true); err != nil {
+			if err := conn.RegisterFunc("addi8_16_32", addi8_16_32, true); err != nil {
 				return err
 			}
-			if err := conn.RegisterFunc("addi_64", addi_64, true); err != nil {
+			if err := conn.RegisterFunc("addi64", addi64, true); err != nil {
 				return err
 			}
-			if err := conn.RegisterFunc("addu_8_16_32", addu_8_16_32, true); err != nil {
+			if err := conn.RegisterFunc("addu8_16_32", addu8_16_32, true); err != nil {
 				return err
 			}
-			if err := conn.RegisterFunc("addu_64", addu_64, true); err != nil {
+			if err := conn.RegisterFunc("addu64", addu64, true); err != nil {
 				return err
 			}
 			if err := conn.RegisterFunc("addiu", addiu, true); err != nil {
 				return err
 			}
-			if err := conn.RegisterFunc("addf_32_64", addf_32_64, true); err != nil {
+			if err := conn.RegisterFunc("addf32_64", addf32_64, true); err != nil {
 				return err
 			}
 			if err := conn.RegisterFunc("not", not, true); err != nil {
@@ -1189,12 +1182,12 @@ func TestFunctionRegistration(t *testing.T) {
 		query    string
 		expected interface{}
 	}{
-		{"SELECT addi_8_16_32(1,2)", int32(3)},
+		{"SELECT addi8_16_32(1,2)", int32(3)},
-		{"SELECT addi_64(1,2)", int64(3)},
+		{"SELECT addi64(1,2)", int64(3)},
-		{"SELECT addu_8_16_32(1,2)", uint32(3)},
+		{"SELECT addu8_16_32(1,2)", uint32(3)},
-		{"SELECT addu_64(1,2)", uint64(3)},
+		{"SELECT addu64(1,2)", uint64(3)},
 		{"SELECT addiu(1,2)", int64(3)},
-		{"SELECT addf_32_64(1.5,1.5)", float64(3)},
+		{"SELECT addf32_64(1.5,1.5)", float64(3)},
 		{"SELECT not(1)", false},
 		{"SELECT not(0)", true},
 		{`SELECT regex("^foo.*", "foobar")`, true},
@@ -1220,62 +1213,54 @@ func TestFunctionRegistration(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }
 
-type sumAggregator int64
+func TestDeclTypes(t *testing.T) {
 
-func (s *sumAggregator) Step(x int64) {
+	d := SQLiteDriver{}
-	*s += sumAggregator(x)
-}
 
-func (s *sumAggregator) Done() int64 {
+	conn, err := d.Open(":memory:")
-	return int64(*s)
-}
-
-func TestAggregatorRegistration(t *testing.T) {
-	customSum := func() *sumAggregator {
-		var ret sumAggregator
-		return &ret
-	}
-
-	sql.Register("sqlite3_AggregatorRegistration", &SQLiteDriver{
-		ConnectHook: func(conn *SQLiteConn) error {
-			if err := conn.RegisterAggregator("customSum", customSum, true); err != nil {
-				return err
-			}
-			return nil
-		},
-	})
-	db, err := sql.Open("sqlite3_AggregatorRegistration", ":memory:")
 	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatal("Failed to open database:", err)
+		t.Fatal("Failed to begin transaction:", err)
 	}
-	defer db.Close()
+	defer conn.Close()
 
-	_, err = db.Exec("create table foo (department integer, profits integer)")
+	sqlite3conn := conn.(*SQLiteConn)
+
+	_, err = sqlite3conn.Exec("create table foo (id integer not null primary key, name text)", nil)
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatal("Failed to create table:", err)
 	}
 
-	_, err = db.Exec("insert into foo values (1, 10), (1, 20), (2, 42)")
+	_, err = sqlite3conn.Exec("insert into foo(name) values(\"bar\")", nil)
 	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatal("Failed to insert records:", err)
+		t.Fatal("Failed to insert:", err)
 	}
 
-	tests := []struct {
+	rs, err := sqlite3conn.Query("select * from foo", nil)
-		dept, sum int64
+	if err != nil {
-	}{
+		t.Fatal("Failed to select:", err)
-		{1, 30},
-		{2, 42},
 	}
+	defer rs.Close()
 
-	for _, test := range tests {
+	declTypes := rs.(*SQLiteRows).DeclTypes()
-		var ret int64
+
-		err = db.QueryRow("select customSum(profits) from foo where department = $1 group by department", test.dept).Scan(&ret)
+	if !reflect.DeepEqual(declTypes, []string{"integer", "text"}) {
-		if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal("Unexpected declTypes:", declTypes)
-			t.Fatal("Query failed:", err)
+	}
-		}
+}
-		if ret != test.sum {
+
-			t.Fatalf("Custom sum returned wrong value, got %d, want %d", ret, test.sum)
+func TestPinger(t *testing.T) {
-		}
+	db, err := sql.Open("sqlite3", ":memory:")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	err = db.Ping()
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	db.Close()
+	err = db.Ping()
+	if err == nil {
+		t.Fatal("Should be closed")
 	}
 }
 
@@ -1283,14 +1268,14 @@ var customFunctionOnce sync.Once
 
 func BenchmarkCustomFunctions(b *testing.B) {
 	customFunctionOnce.Do(func() {
-		custom_add := func(a, b int64) int64 {
+		customAdd := func(a, b int64) int64 {
 			return a + b
 		}
 
 		sql.Register("sqlite3_BenchmarkCustomFunctions", &SQLiteDriver{
 			ConnectHook: func(conn *SQLiteConn) error {
 				// Impure function to force sqlite to reexecute it each time.
-				if err := conn.RegisterFunc("custom_add", custom_add, false); err != nil {
+				if err := conn.RegisterFunc("custom_add", customAdd, false); err != nil {
 					return err
 				}
 				return nil

sqlite3_test/sqltest.go

@@ -11,14 +11,17 @@ import (
 	"time"
 )
 
+// Dialect is a type of dialect of databases.
 type Dialect int
 
+// Dialects for databases.
 const (
-	SQLITE Dialect = iota
+	SQLITE     Dialect = iota // SQLITE mean SQLite3 dialect
-	POSTGRESQL
+	POSTGRESQL                // POSTGRESQL mean PostgreSQL dialect
-	MYSQL
+	MYSQL                     // MYSQL mean MySQL dialect
 )
 
+// DB provide context for the tests
 type DB struct {
 	*testing.T
 	*sql.DB
@@ -32,19 +35,19 @@ var db *DB
 var testTables = []string{"foo", "bar", "t", "bench"}
 
 var tests = []testing.InternalTest{
-	{"TestBlobs", TestBlobs},
+	{Name: "TestBlobs", F: TestBlobs},
-	{"TestManyQueryRow", TestManyQueryRow},
+	{Name: "TestManyQueryRow", F: TestManyQueryRow},
-	{"TestTxQuery", TestTxQuery},
+	{Name: "TestTxQuery", F: TestTxQuery},
-	{"TestPreparedStmt", TestPreparedStmt},
+	{Name: "TestPreparedStmt", F: TestPreparedStmt},
 }
 
 var benchmarks = []testing.InternalBenchmark{
-	{"BenchmarkExec", BenchmarkExec},
+	{Name: "BenchmarkExec", F: BenchmarkExec},
-	{"BenchmarkQuery", BenchmarkQuery},
+	{Name: "BenchmarkQuery", F: BenchmarkQuery},
-	{"BenchmarkParams", BenchmarkParams},
+	{Name: "BenchmarkParams", F: BenchmarkParams},
-	{"BenchmarkStmt", BenchmarkStmt},
+	{Name: "BenchmarkStmt", F: BenchmarkStmt},
-	{"BenchmarkRows", BenchmarkRows},
+	{Name: "BenchmarkRows", F: BenchmarkRows},
-	{"BenchmarkStmtRows", BenchmarkStmtRows},
+	{Name: "BenchmarkStmtRows", F: BenchmarkStmtRows},
 }
 
 // RunTests runs the SQL test suite
@@ -78,7 +81,7 @@ func (db *DB) tearDown() {
 		case MYSQL, POSTGRESQL:
 			db.mustExec("drop table if exists " + tbl)
 		default:
-			db.Fatal("unkown dialect")
+			db.Fatal("unknown dialect")
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -106,7 +109,7 @@ func (db *DB) blobType(size int) string {
 	case MYSQL:
 		return fmt.Sprintf("VARBINARY(%d)", size)
 	}
-	panic("unkown dialect")
+	panic("unknown dialect")
 }
 
 func (db *DB) serialPK() string {
@@ -118,7 +121,7 @@ func (db *DB) serialPK() string {
 	case MYSQL:
 		return "integer primary key auto_increment"
 	}
-	panic("unkown dialect")
+	panic("unknown dialect")
 }
 
 func (db *DB) now() string {
@@ -130,7 +133,7 @@ func (db *DB) now() string {
 	case MYSQL:
 		return "now()"
 	}
-	panic("unkown dialect")
+	panic("unknown dialect")
 }
 
 func makeBench() {
@@ -149,6 +152,7 @@ func makeBench() {
 	}
 }
 
+// TestResult is test for result
 func TestResult(t *testing.T) {
 	db.tearDown()
 	db.mustExec("create temporary table test (id " + db.serialPK() + ", name varchar(10))")
@@ -175,6 +179,7 @@ func TestResult(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }
 
+// TestBlobs is test for blobs
 func TestBlobs(t *testing.T) {
 	db.tearDown()
 	var blob = []byte{0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15}
@@ -201,6 +206,7 @@ func TestBlobs(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }
 
+// TestManyQueryRow is test for many query row
 func TestManyQueryRow(t *testing.T) {
 	if testing.Short() {
 		t.Log("skipping in short mode")
@@ -218,6 +224,7 @@ func TestManyQueryRow(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }
 
+// TestTxQuery is test for transactional query
 func TestTxQuery(t *testing.T) {
 	db.tearDown()
 	tx, err := db.Begin()
@@ -256,6 +263,7 @@ func TestTxQuery(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }
 
+// TestPreparedStmt is test for prepared statement
 func TestPreparedStmt(t *testing.T) {
 	db.tearDown()
 	db.mustExec("CREATE TABLE t (count INT)")
@@ -301,6 +309,7 @@ func TestPreparedStmt(t *testing.T) {
 // test -bench but calling Benchmark() from a benchmark test
 // currently hangs go.
 
+// BenchmarkExec is benchmark for exec
 func BenchmarkExec(b *testing.B) {
 	for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
 		if _, err := db.Exec("select 1"); err != nil {
@@ -309,6 +318,7 @@ func BenchmarkExec(b *testing.B) {
 	}
 }
 
+// BenchmarkQuery is benchmark for query
 func BenchmarkQuery(b *testing.B) {
 	for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
 		var n sql.NullString
@@ -322,6 +332,7 @@ func BenchmarkQuery(b *testing.B) {
 	}
 }
 
+// BenchmarkParams is benchmark for params
 func BenchmarkParams(b *testing.B) {
 	for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
 		var n sql.NullString
@@ -335,6 +346,7 @@ func BenchmarkParams(b *testing.B) {
 	}
 }
 
+// BenchmarkStmt is benchmark for statement
 func BenchmarkStmt(b *testing.B) {
 	st, err := db.Prepare("select ?, ?, ?, ?")
 	if err != nil {
@@ -354,6 +366,7 @@ func BenchmarkStmt(b *testing.B) {
 	}
 }
 
+// BenchmarkRows is benchmark for rows
 func BenchmarkRows(b *testing.B) {
 	db.once.Do(makeBench)
 
@@ -378,6 +391,7 @@ func BenchmarkRows(b *testing.B) {
 	}
 }
 
+// BenchmarkStmtRows is benchmark for statement rows
 func BenchmarkStmtRows(b *testing.B) {
 	db.once.Do(makeBench)
 

sqlite3_trace.go

@@ -0,0 +1,414 @@
+// Copyright (C) 2016 Yasuhiro Matsumoto <mattn.jp@gmail.com>.
+//
+// Use of this source code is governed by an MIT-style
+// license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
+// +build trace
+
+package sqlite3
+
+/*
+#ifndef USE_LIBSQLITE3
+#include <sqlite3-binding.h>
+#else
+#include <sqlite3.h>
+#endif
+#include <stdlib.h>
+
+void stepTrampoline(sqlite3_context*, int, sqlite3_value**);
+void doneTrampoline(sqlite3_context*);
+int traceCallbackTrampoline(unsigned int traceEventCode, void *ctx, void *p, void *x);
+*/
+import "C"
+
+import (
+	"errors"
+	"fmt"
+	"reflect"
+	"strings"
+	"sync"
+	"unsafe"
+)
+
+// Trace... constants identify the possible events causing callback invocation.
+// Values are same as the corresponding SQLite Trace Event Codes.
+const (
+	TraceStmt    = C.SQLITE_TRACE_STMT
+	TraceProfile = C.SQLITE_TRACE_PROFILE
+	TraceRow     = C.SQLITE_TRACE_ROW
+	TraceClose   = C.SQLITE_TRACE_CLOSE
+)
+
+type TraceInfo struct {
+	// Pack together the shorter fields, to keep the struct smaller.
+	// On a 64-bit machine there would be padding
+	// between EventCode and ConnHandle; having AutoCommit here is "free":
+	EventCode  uint32
+	AutoCommit bool
+	ConnHandle uintptr
+
+	// Usually filled, unless EventCode = TraceClose = SQLITE_TRACE_CLOSE:
+	// identifier for a prepared statement:
+	StmtHandle uintptr
+
+	// Two strings filled when EventCode = TraceStmt = SQLITE_TRACE_STMT:
+	// (1) either the unexpanded SQL text of the prepared statement, or
+	//     an SQL comment that indicates the invocation of a trigger;
+	// (2) expanded SQL, if requested and if (1) is not an SQL comment.
+	StmtOrTrigger string
+	ExpandedSQL   string // only if requested (TraceConfig.WantExpandedSQL = true)
+
+	// filled when EventCode = TraceProfile = SQLITE_TRACE_PROFILE:
+	// estimated number of nanoseconds that the prepared statement took to run:
+	RunTimeNanosec int64
+
+	DBError Error
+}
+
+// TraceUserCallback gives the signature for a trace function
+// provided by the user (Go application programmer).
+// SQLite 3.14 documentation (as of September 2, 2016)
+// for SQL Trace Hook = sqlite3_trace_v2():
+// The integer return value from the callback is currently ignored,
+// though this may change in future releases. Callback implementations
+// should return zero to ensure future compatibility.
+type TraceUserCallback func(TraceInfo) int
+
+type TraceConfig struct {
+	Callback        TraceUserCallback
+	EventMask       C.uint
+	WantExpandedSQL bool
+}
+
+func fillDBError(dbErr *Error, db *C.sqlite3) {
+	// See SQLiteConn.lastError(), in file 'sqlite3.go' at the time of writing (Sept 5, 2016)
+	dbErr.Code = ErrNo(C.sqlite3_errcode(db))
+	dbErr.ExtendedCode = ErrNoExtended(C.sqlite3_extended_errcode(db))
+	dbErr.err = C.GoString(C.sqlite3_errmsg(db))
+}
+
+func fillExpandedSQL(info *TraceInfo, db *C.sqlite3, pStmt unsafe.Pointer) {
+	if pStmt == nil {
+		panic("No SQLite statement pointer in P arg of trace_v2 callback")
+	}
+
+	expSQLiteCStr := C.sqlite3_expanded_sql((*C.sqlite3_stmt)(pStmt))
+	if expSQLiteCStr == nil {
+		fillDBError(&info.DBError, db)
+		return
+	}
+	info.ExpandedSQL = C.GoString(expSQLiteCStr)
+}
+
+//export traceCallbackTrampoline
+func traceCallbackTrampoline(
+	traceEventCode C.uint,
+	// Parameter named 'C' in SQLite docs = Context given at registration:
+	ctx unsafe.Pointer,
+	// Parameter named 'P' in SQLite docs (Primary event data?):
+	p unsafe.Pointer,
+	// Parameter named 'X' in SQLite docs (eXtra event data?):
+	xValue unsafe.Pointer) C.int {
+
+	if ctx == nil {
+		panic(fmt.Sprintf("No context (ev 0x%x)", traceEventCode))
+	}
+
+	contextDB := (*C.sqlite3)(ctx)
+	connHandle := uintptr(ctx)
+
+	var traceConf TraceConfig
+	var found bool
+	if traceEventCode == TraceClose {
+		// clean up traceMap: 'pop' means get and delete
+		traceConf, found = popTraceMapping(connHandle)
+	} else {
+		traceConf, found = lookupTraceMapping(connHandle)
+	}
+
+	if !found {
+		panic(fmt.Sprintf("Mapping not found for handle 0x%x (ev 0x%x)",
+			connHandle, traceEventCode))
+	}
+
+	var info TraceInfo
+
+	info.EventCode = uint32(traceEventCode)
+	info.AutoCommit = (int(C.sqlite3_get_autocommit(contextDB)) != 0)
+	info.ConnHandle = connHandle
+
+	switch traceEventCode {
+	case TraceStmt:
+		info.StmtHandle = uintptr(p)
+
+		var xStr string
+		if xValue != nil {
+			xStr = C.GoString((*C.char)(xValue))
+		}
+		info.StmtOrTrigger = xStr
+		if !strings.HasPrefix(xStr, "--") {
+			// Not SQL comment, therefore the current event
+			// is not related to a trigger.
+			// The user might want to receive the expanded SQL;
+			// let's check:
+			if traceConf.WantExpandedSQL {
+				fillExpandedSQL(&info, contextDB, p)
+			}
+		}
+
+	case TraceProfile:
+		info.StmtHandle = uintptr(p)
+
+		if xValue == nil {
+			panic("NULL pointer in X arg of trace_v2 callback for SQLITE_TRACE_PROFILE event")
+		}
+
+		info.RunTimeNanosec = *(*int64)(xValue)
+
+		// sample the error //TODO: is it safe? is it useful?
+		fillDBError(&info.DBError, contextDB)
+
+	case TraceRow:
+		info.StmtHandle = uintptr(p)
+
+	case TraceClose:
+		handle := uintptr(p)
+		if handle != info.ConnHandle {
+			panic(fmt.Sprintf("Different conn handle 0x%x (expected 0x%x) in SQLITE_TRACE_CLOSE event.",
+				handle, info.ConnHandle))
+		}
+
+	default:
+		// Pass unsupported events to the user callback (if configured);
+		// let the user callback decide whether to panic or ignore them.
+	}
+
+	// Do not execute user callback when the event was not requested by user!
+	// Remember that the Close event is always selected when
+	// registering this callback trampoline with SQLite --- for cleanup.
+	// In the future there may be more events forced to "selected" in SQLite
+	// for the driver's needs.
+	if traceConf.EventMask&traceEventCode == 0 {
+		return 0
+	}
+
+	r := 0
+	if traceConf.Callback != nil {
+		r = traceConf.Callback(info)
+	}
+	return C.int(r)
+}
+
+type traceMapEntry struct {
+	config TraceConfig
+}
+
+var traceMapLock sync.Mutex
+var traceMap = make(map[uintptr]traceMapEntry)
+
+func addTraceMapping(connHandle uintptr, traceConf TraceConfig) {
+	traceMapLock.Lock()
+	defer traceMapLock.Unlock()
+
+	oldEntryCopy, found := traceMap[connHandle]
+	if found {
+		panic(fmt.Sprintf("Adding trace config %v: handle 0x%x already registered (%v).",
+			traceConf, connHandle, oldEntryCopy.config))
+	}
+	traceMap[connHandle] = traceMapEntry{config: traceConf}
+	fmt.Printf("Added trace config %v: handle 0x%x.\n", traceConf, connHandle)
+}
+
+func lookupTraceMapping(connHandle uintptr) (TraceConfig, bool) {
+	traceMapLock.Lock()
+	defer traceMapLock.Unlock()
+
+	entryCopy, found := traceMap[connHandle]
+	return entryCopy.config, found
+}
+
+// 'pop' = get and delete from map before returning the value to the caller
+func popTraceMapping(connHandle uintptr) (TraceConfig, bool) {
+	traceMapLock.Lock()
+	defer traceMapLock.Unlock()
+
+	entryCopy, found := traceMap[connHandle]
+	if found {
+		delete(traceMap, connHandle)
+		fmt.Printf("Pop handle 0x%x: deleted trace config %v.\n", connHandle, entryCopy.config)
+	}
+	return entryCopy.config, found
+}
+
+// RegisterAggregator makes a Go type available as a SQLite aggregation function.
+//
+// Because aggregation is incremental, it's implemented in Go with a
+// type that has 2 methods: func Step(values) accumulates one row of
+// data into the accumulator, and func Done() ret finalizes and
+// returns the aggregate value. "values" and "ret" may be any type
+// supported by RegisterFunc.
+//
+// RegisterAggregator takes as implementation a constructor function
+// that constructs an instance of the aggregator type each time an
+// aggregation begins. The constructor must return a pointer to a
+// type, or an interface that implements Step() and Done().
+//
+// The constructor function and the Step/Done methods may optionally
+// return an error in addition to their other return values.
+//
+// See _example/go_custom_funcs for a detailed example.
+func (c *SQLiteConn) RegisterAggregator(name string, impl interface{}, pure bool) error {
+	var ai aggInfo
+	ai.constructor = reflect.ValueOf(impl)
+	t := ai.constructor.Type()
+	if t.Kind() != reflect.Func {
+		return errors.New("non-function passed to RegisterAggregator")
+	}
+	if t.NumOut() != 1 && t.NumOut() != 2 {
+		return errors.New("SQLite aggregator constructors must return 1 or 2 values")
+	}
+	if t.NumOut() == 2 && !t.Out(1).Implements(reflect.TypeOf((*error)(nil)).Elem()) {
+		return errors.New("Second return value of SQLite function must be error")
+	}
+	if t.NumIn() != 0 {
+		return errors.New("SQLite aggregator constructors must not have arguments")
+	}
+
+	agg := t.Out(0)
+	switch agg.Kind() {
+	case reflect.Ptr, reflect.Interface:
+	default:
+		return errors.New("SQlite aggregator constructor must return a pointer object")
+	}
+	stepFn, found := agg.MethodByName("Step")
+	if !found {
+		return errors.New("SQlite aggregator doesn't have a Step() function")
+	}
+	step := stepFn.Type
+	if step.NumOut() != 0 && step.NumOut() != 1 {
+		return errors.New("SQlite aggregator Step() function must return 0 or 1 values")
+	}
+	if step.NumOut() == 1 && !step.Out(0).Implements(reflect.TypeOf((*error)(nil)).Elem()) {
+		return errors.New("type of SQlite aggregator Step() return value must be error")
+	}
+
+	stepNArgs := step.NumIn()
+	start := 0
+	if agg.Kind() == reflect.Ptr {
+		// Skip over the method receiver
+		stepNArgs--
+		start++
+	}
+	if step.IsVariadic() {
+		stepNArgs--
+	}
+	for i := start; i < start+stepNArgs; i++ {
+		conv, err := callbackArg(step.In(i))
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		ai.stepArgConverters = append(ai.stepArgConverters, conv)
+	}
+	if step.IsVariadic() {
+		conv, err := callbackArg(t.In(start + stepNArgs).Elem())
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		ai.stepVariadicConverter = conv
+		// Pass -1 to sqlite so that it allows any number of
+		// arguments. The call helper verifies that the minimum number
+		// of arguments is present for variadic functions.
+		stepNArgs = -1
+	}
+
+	doneFn, found := agg.MethodByName("Done")
+	if !found {
+		return errors.New("SQlite aggregator doesn't have a Done() function")
+	}
+	done := doneFn.Type
+	doneNArgs := done.NumIn()
+	if agg.Kind() == reflect.Ptr {
+		// Skip over the method receiver
+		doneNArgs--
+	}
+	if doneNArgs != 0 {
+		return errors.New("SQlite aggregator Done() function must have no arguments")
+	}
+	if done.NumOut() != 1 && done.NumOut() != 2 {
+		return errors.New("SQLite aggregator Done() function must return 1 or 2 values")
+	}
+	if done.NumOut() == 2 && !done.Out(1).Implements(reflect.TypeOf((*error)(nil)).Elem()) {
+		return errors.New("second return value of SQLite aggregator Done() function must be error")
+	}
+
+	conv, err := callbackRet(done.Out(0))
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	ai.doneRetConverter = conv
+	ai.active = make(map[int64]reflect.Value)
+	ai.next = 1
+
+	// ai must outlast the database connection, or we'll have dangling pointers.
+	c.aggregators = append(c.aggregators, &ai)
+
+	cname := C.CString(name)
+	defer C.free(unsafe.Pointer(cname))
+	opts := C.SQLITE_UTF8
+	if pure {
+		opts |= C.SQLITE_DETERMINISTIC
+	}
+	rv := sqlite3CreateFunction(c.db, cname, C.int(stepNArgs), C.int(opts), newHandle(c, &ai), nil, C.stepTrampoline, C.doneTrampoline)
+	if rv != C.SQLITE_OK {
+		return c.lastError()
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+// SetTrace installs or removes the trace callback for the given database connection.
+// It's not named 'RegisterTrace' because only one callback can be kept and called.
+// Calling SetTrace a second time on same database connection
+// overrides (cancels) any prior callback and all its settings:
+// event mask, etc.
+func (c *SQLiteConn) SetTrace(requested *TraceConfig) error {
+	connHandle := uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(c.db))
+
+	_, _ = popTraceMapping(connHandle)
+
+	if requested == nil {
+		// The traceMap entry was deleted already by popTraceMapping():
+		// can disable all events now, no need to watch for TraceClose.
+		err := c.setSQLiteTrace(0)
+		return err
+	}
+
+	reqCopy := *requested
+
+	// Disable potentially expensive operations
+	// if their result will not be used. We are doing this
+	// just in case the caller provided nonsensical input.
+	if reqCopy.EventMask&TraceStmt == 0 {
+		reqCopy.WantExpandedSQL = false
+	}
+
+	addTraceMapping(connHandle, reqCopy)
+
+	// The callback trampoline function does cleanup on Close event,
+	// regardless of the presence or absence of the user callback.
+	// Therefore it needs the Close event to be selected:
+	actualEventMask := uint(reqCopy.EventMask | TraceClose)
+	err := c.setSQLiteTrace(actualEventMask)
+	return err
+}
+
+func (c *SQLiteConn) setSQLiteTrace(sqliteEventMask uint) error {
+	rv := C.sqlite3_trace_v2(c.db,
+		C.uint(sqliteEventMask),
+		(*[0]byte)(unsafe.Pointer(C.traceCallbackTrampoline)),
+		unsafe.Pointer(c.db)) // Fourth arg is same as first: we are
+	// passing the database connection handle as callback context.
+
+	if rv != C.SQLITE_OK {
+		return c.lastError()
+	}
+	return nil
+}

sqlite3_trace_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,72 @@
+// Copyright (C) 2016 Yasuhiro Matsumoto <mattn.jp@gmail.com>.
+//
+// Use of this source code is governed by an MIT-style
+// license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
+// +build trace
+
+package sqlite3
+
+import (
+	"database/sql"
+	"testing"
+)
+
+type sumAggregator int64
+
+func (s *sumAggregator) Step(x int64) {
+	*s += sumAggregator(x)
+}
+
+func (s *sumAggregator) Done() int64 {
+	return int64(*s)
+}
+
+func TestAggregatorRegistration(t *testing.T) {
+	customSum := func() *sumAggregator {
+		var ret sumAggregator
+		return &ret
+	}
+
+	sql.Register("sqlite3_AggregatorRegistration", &SQLiteDriver{
+		ConnectHook: func(conn *SQLiteConn) error {
+			if err := conn.RegisterAggregator("customSum", customSum, true); err != nil {
+				return err
+			}
+			return nil
+		},
+	})
+	db, err := sql.Open("sqlite3_AggregatorRegistration", ":memory:")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal("Failed to open database:", err)
+	}
+	defer db.Close()
+
+	_, err = db.Exec("create table foo (department integer, profits integer)")
+	if err != nil {
+		// trace feature is not implemented
+		t.Skip("Failed to create table:", err)
+	}
+
+	_, err = db.Exec("insert into foo values (1, 10), (1, 20), (2, 42)")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal("Failed to insert records:", err)
+	}
+
+	tests := []struct {
+		dept, sum int64
+	}{
+		{1, 30},
+		{2, 42},
+	}
+
+	for _, test := range tests {
+		var ret int64
+		err = db.QueryRow("select customSum(profits) from foo where department = $1 group by department", test.dept).Scan(&ret)
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Fatal("Query failed:", err)
+		}
+		if ret != test.sum {
+			t.Fatalf("Custom sum returned wrong value, got %d, want %d", ret, test.sum)
+		}
+	}
+}

sqlite3_type.go

@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+package sqlite3
+
+/*
+#ifndef USE_LIBSQLITE3
+#include <sqlite3-binding.h>
+#else
+#include <sqlite3.h>
+#endif
+*/
+import "C"
+import (
+	"reflect"
+	"time"
+)
+
+// ColumnTypeDatabaseTypeName implement RowsColumnTypeDatabaseTypeName.
+func (rc *SQLiteRows) ColumnTypeDatabaseTypeName(i int) string {
+	return C.GoString(C.sqlite3_column_decltype(rc.s.s, C.int(i)))
+}
+
+/*
+func (rc *SQLiteRows) ColumnTypeLength(index int) (length int64, ok bool) {
+	return 0, false
+}
+
+func (rc *SQLiteRows) ColumnTypePrecisionScale(index int) (precision, scale int64, ok bool) {
+	return 0, 0, false
+}
+*/
+
+// ColumnTypeNullable implement RowsColumnTypeNullable.
+func (rc *SQLiteRows) ColumnTypeNullable(i int) (nullable, ok bool) {
+	return true, true
+}
+
+// ColumnTypeScanType implement RowsColumnTypeScanType.
+func (rc *SQLiteRows) ColumnTypeScanType(i int) reflect.Type {
+	switch C.sqlite3_column_type(rc.s.s, C.int(i)) {
+	case C.SQLITE_INTEGER:
+		switch C.GoString(C.sqlite3_column_decltype(rc.s.s, C.int(i))) {
+		case "timestamp", "datetime", "date":
+			return reflect.TypeOf(time.Time{})
+		case "boolean":
+			return reflect.TypeOf(false)
+		}
+		return reflect.TypeOf(int64(0))
+	case C.SQLITE_FLOAT:
+		return reflect.TypeOf(float64(0))
+	case C.SQLITE_BLOB:
+		return reflect.SliceOf(reflect.TypeOf(byte(0)))
+	case C.SQLITE_NULL:
+		return reflect.TypeOf(nil)
+	case C.SQLITE_TEXT:
+		return reflect.TypeOf("")
+	}
+	return reflect.SliceOf(reflect.TypeOf(byte(0)))
+}

sqlite3_vtable.go

@@ -0,0 +1,646 @@
+// Copyright (C) 2014 Yasuhiro Matsumoto <mattn.jp@gmail.com>.
+//
+// Use of this source code is governed by an MIT-style
+// license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
+// +build vtable
+
+package sqlite3
+
+/*
+#cgo CFLAGS: -std=gnu99
+#cgo CFLAGS: -DSQLITE_ENABLE_RTREE -DSQLITE_THREADSAFE
+#cgo CFLAGS: -DSQLITE_ENABLE_FTS3 -DSQLITE_ENABLE_FTS3_PARENTHESIS -DSQLITE_ENABLE_FTS4_UNICODE61
+#cgo CFLAGS: -DSQLITE_TRACE_SIZE_LIMIT=15
+#cgo CFLAGS: -DSQLITE_ENABLE_COLUMN_METADATA=1
+#cgo CFLAGS: -Wno-deprecated-declarations
+
+#ifndef USE_LIBSQLITE3
+#include <sqlite3-binding.h>
+#else
+#include <sqlite3.h>
+#endif
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <stdint.h>
+#include <memory.h>
+
+static inline char *_sqlite3_mprintf(char *zFormat, char *arg) {
+  return sqlite3_mprintf(zFormat, arg);
+}
+
+typedef struct goVTab goVTab;
+
+struct goVTab {
+	sqlite3_vtab base;
+	void *vTab;
+};
+
+uintptr_t goMInit(void *db, void *pAux, int argc, char **argv, char **pzErr, int isCreate);
+
+static int cXInit(sqlite3 *db, void *pAux, int argc, const char *const*argv, sqlite3_vtab **ppVTab, char **pzErr, int isCreate) {
+	void *vTab = (void *)goMInit(db, pAux, argc, (char**)argv, pzErr, isCreate);
+	if (!vTab || *pzErr) {
+		return SQLITE_ERROR;
+	}
+	goVTab *pvTab = (goVTab *)sqlite3_malloc(sizeof(goVTab));
+	if (!pvTab) {
+		*pzErr = sqlite3_mprintf("%s", "Out of memory");
+		return SQLITE_NOMEM;
+	}
+	memset(pvTab, 0, sizeof(goVTab));
+	pvTab->vTab = vTab;
+
+	*ppVTab = (sqlite3_vtab *)pvTab;
+	*pzErr = 0;
+	return SQLITE_OK;
+}
+
+static inline int cXCreate(sqlite3 *db, void *pAux, int argc, const char *const*argv, sqlite3_vtab **ppVTab, char **pzErr) {
+	return cXInit(db, pAux, argc, argv, ppVTab, pzErr, 1);
+}
+static inline int cXConnect(sqlite3 *db, void *pAux, int argc, const char *const*argv, sqlite3_vtab **ppVTab, char **pzErr) {
+	return cXInit(db, pAux, argc, argv, ppVTab, pzErr, 0);
+}
+
+char* goVBestIndex(void *pVTab, void *icp);
+
+static inline int cXBestIndex(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab, sqlite3_index_info *info) {
+	char *pzErr = goVBestIndex(((goVTab*)pVTab)->vTab, info);
+	if (pzErr) {
+		if (pVTab->zErrMsg)
+			sqlite3_free(pVTab->zErrMsg);
+		pVTab->zErrMsg = pzErr;
+		return SQLITE_ERROR;
+	}
+	return SQLITE_OK;
+}
+
+char* goVRelease(void *pVTab, int isDestroy);
+
+static int cXRelease(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab, int isDestroy) {
+	char *pzErr = goVRelease(((goVTab*)pVTab)->vTab, isDestroy);
+	if (pzErr) {
+		if (pVTab->zErrMsg)
+			sqlite3_free(pVTab->zErrMsg);
+		pVTab->zErrMsg = pzErr;
+		return SQLITE_ERROR;
+	}
+	if (pVTab->zErrMsg)
+		sqlite3_free(pVTab->zErrMsg);
+	sqlite3_free(pVTab);
+	return SQLITE_OK;
+}
+
+static inline int cXDisconnect(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab) {
+	return cXRelease(pVTab, 0);
+}
+static inline int cXDestroy(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab) {
+	return cXRelease(pVTab, 1);
+}
+
+typedef struct goVTabCursor goVTabCursor;
+
+struct goVTabCursor {
+	sqlite3_vtab_cursor base;
+	void *vTabCursor;
+};
+
+uintptr_t goVOpen(void *pVTab, char **pzErr);
+
+static int cXOpen(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab, sqlite3_vtab_cursor **ppCursor) {
+	void *vTabCursor = (void *)goVOpen(((goVTab*)pVTab)->vTab, &(pVTab->zErrMsg));
+	goVTabCursor *pCursor = (goVTabCursor *)sqlite3_malloc(sizeof(goVTabCursor));
+	if (!pCursor) {
+		return SQLITE_NOMEM;
+	}
+	memset(pCursor, 0, sizeof(goVTabCursor));
+	pCursor->vTabCursor = vTabCursor;
+	*ppCursor = (sqlite3_vtab_cursor *)pCursor;
+	return SQLITE_OK;
+}
+
+static int setErrMsg(sqlite3_vtab_cursor *pCursor, char *pzErr) {
+	if (pCursor->pVtab->zErrMsg)
+		sqlite3_free(pCursor->pVtab->zErrMsg);
+	pCursor->pVtab->zErrMsg = pzErr;
+	return SQLITE_ERROR;
+}
+
+char* goVClose(void *pCursor);
+
+static int cXClose(sqlite3_vtab_cursor *pCursor) {
+	char *pzErr = goVClose(((goVTabCursor*)pCursor)->vTabCursor);
+	if (pzErr) {
+		return setErrMsg(pCursor, pzErr);
+	}
+	sqlite3_free(pCursor);
+	return SQLITE_OK;
+}
+
+char* goVFilter(void *pCursor, int idxNum, char* idxName, int argc, sqlite3_value **argv);
+
+static int cXFilter(sqlite3_vtab_cursor *pCursor, int idxNum, const char *idxStr, int argc, sqlite3_value **argv) {
+	char *pzErr = goVFilter(((goVTabCursor*)pCursor)->vTabCursor, idxNum, (char*)idxStr, argc, argv);
+	if (pzErr) {
+		return setErrMsg(pCursor, pzErr);
+	}
+	return SQLITE_OK;
+}
+
+char* goVNext(void *pCursor);
+
+static int cXNext(sqlite3_vtab_cursor *pCursor) {
+	char *pzErr = goVNext(((goVTabCursor*)pCursor)->vTabCursor);
+	if (pzErr) {
+		return setErrMsg(pCursor, pzErr);
+	}
+	return SQLITE_OK;
+}
+
+int goVEof(void *pCursor);
+
+static inline int cXEof(sqlite3_vtab_cursor *pCursor) {
+	return goVEof(((goVTabCursor*)pCursor)->vTabCursor);
+}
+
+char* goVColumn(void *pCursor, void *cp, int col);
+
+static int cXColumn(sqlite3_vtab_cursor *pCursor, sqlite3_context *ctx, int i) {
+	char *pzErr = goVColumn(((goVTabCursor*)pCursor)->vTabCursor, ctx, i);
+	if (pzErr) {
+		return setErrMsg(pCursor, pzErr);
+	}
+	return SQLITE_OK;
+}
+
+char* goVRowid(void *pCursor, sqlite3_int64 *pRowid);
+
+static int cXRowid(sqlite3_vtab_cursor *pCursor, sqlite3_int64 *pRowid) {
+	char *pzErr = goVRowid(((goVTabCursor*)pCursor)->vTabCursor, pRowid);
+	if (pzErr) {
+		return setErrMsg(pCursor, pzErr);
+	}
+	return SQLITE_OK;
+}
+
+char* goVUpdate(void *pVTab, int argc, sqlite3_value **argv, sqlite3_int64 *pRowid);
+
+static int cXUpdate(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab, int argc, sqlite3_value **argv, sqlite3_int64 *pRowid) {
+	char *pzErr = goVUpdate(((goVTab*)pVTab)->vTab, argc, argv, pRowid);
+	if (pzErr) {
+		if (pVTab->zErrMsg)
+			sqlite3_free(pVTab->zErrMsg);
+		pVTab->zErrMsg = pzErr;
+		return SQLITE_ERROR;
+	}
+	return SQLITE_OK;
+}
+
+static sqlite3_module goModule = {
+	0,                       // iVersion
+	cXCreate,                // xCreate - create a table
+	cXConnect,               // xConnect - connect to an existing table
+	cXBestIndex,             // xBestIndex - Determine search strategy
+	cXDisconnect,            // xDisconnect - Disconnect from a table
+	cXDestroy,               // xDestroy - Drop a table
+	cXOpen,                  // xOpen - open a cursor
+	cXClose,                 // xClose - close a cursor
+	cXFilter,                // xFilter - configure scan constraints
+	cXNext,                  // xNext - advance a cursor
+	cXEof,                   // xEof
+	cXColumn,                // xColumn - read data
+	cXRowid,                 // xRowid - read data
+	cXUpdate,                // xUpdate - write data
+// Not implemented
+	0,                       // xBegin - begin transaction
+	0,                       // xSync - sync transaction
+	0,                       // xCommit - commit transaction
+	0,                       // xRollback - rollback transaction
+	0,                       // xFindFunction - function overloading
+	0,                       // xRename - rename the table
+	0,                       // xSavepoint
+	0,                       // xRelease
+	0	                     // xRollbackTo
+};
+
+void goMDestroy(void*);
+
+static int _sqlite3_create_module(sqlite3 *db, const char *zName, uintptr_t pClientData) {
+  return sqlite3_create_module_v2(db, zName, &goModule, (void*) pClientData, goMDestroy);
+}
+*/
+import "C"
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"math"
+	"reflect"
+	"unsafe"
+)
+
+type sqliteModule struct {
+	c      *SQLiteConn
+	name   string
+	module Module
+}
+
+type sqliteVTab struct {
+	module *sqliteModule
+	vTab   VTab
+}
+
+type sqliteVTabCursor struct {
+	vTab       *sqliteVTab
+	vTabCursor VTabCursor
+}
+
+// Op is type of operations.
+type Op uint8
+
+// Op mean identity of operations.
+const (
+	OpEQ         Op = 2
+	OpGT            = 4
+	OpLE            = 8
+	OpLT            = 16
+	OpGE            = 32
+	OpMATCH         = 64
+	OpLIKE          = 65 /* 3.10.0 and later only */
+	OpGLOB          = 66 /* 3.10.0 and later only */
+	OpREGEXP        = 67 /* 3.10.0 and later only */
+	OpScanUnique    = 1  /* Scan visits at most 1 row */
+)
+
+// InfoConstraint give information of constraint.
+type InfoConstraint struct {
+	Column int
+	Op     Op
+	Usable bool
+}
+
+// InfoOrderBy give information of order-by.
+type InfoOrderBy struct {
+	Column int
+	Desc   bool
+}
+
+func constraints(info *C.sqlite3_index_info) []InfoConstraint {
+	l := info.nConstraint
+	slice := (*[1 << 30]C.struct_sqlite3_index_constraint)(unsafe.Pointer(info.aConstraint))[:l:l]
+
+	cst := make([]InfoConstraint, 0, l)
+	for _, c := range slice {
+		var usable bool
+		if c.usable > 0 {
+			usable = true
+		}
+		cst = append(cst, InfoConstraint{
+			Column: int(c.iColumn),
+			Op:     Op(c.op),
+			Usable: usable,
+		})
+	}
+	return cst
+}
+
+func orderBys(info *C.sqlite3_index_info) []InfoOrderBy {
+	l := info.nOrderBy
+	slice := (*[1 << 30]C.struct_sqlite3_index_orderby)(unsafe.Pointer(info.aOrderBy))[:l:l]
+
+	ob := make([]InfoOrderBy, 0, l)
+	for _, c := range slice {
+		var desc bool
+		if c.desc > 0 {
+			desc = true
+		}
+		ob = append(ob, InfoOrderBy{
+			Column: int(c.iColumn),
+			Desc:   desc,
+		})
+	}
+	return ob
+}
+
+// IndexResult is a Go struct representation of what eventually ends up in the
+// output fields for `sqlite3_index_info`
+// See: https://www.sqlite.org/c3ref/index_info.html
+type IndexResult struct {
+	Used           []bool // aConstraintUsage
+	IdxNum         int
+	IdxStr         string
+	AlreadyOrdered bool // orderByConsumed
+	EstimatedCost  float64
+	EstimatedRows  float64
+}
+
+// mPrintf is a utility wrapper around sqlite3_mprintf
+func mPrintf(format, arg string) *C.char {
+	cf := C.CString(format)
+	defer C.free(unsafe.Pointer(cf))
+	ca := C.CString(arg)
+	defer C.free(unsafe.Pointer(ca))
+	return C._sqlite3_mprintf(cf, ca)
+}
+
+//export goMInit
+func goMInit(db, pClientData unsafe.Pointer, argc C.int, argv **C.char, pzErr **C.char, isCreate C.int) C.uintptr_t {
+	m := lookupHandle(uintptr(pClientData)).(*sqliteModule)
+	if m.c.db != (*C.sqlite3)(db) {
+		*pzErr = mPrintf("%s", "Inconsistent db handles")
+		return 0
+	}
+	args := make([]string, argc)
+	var A []*C.char
+	slice := reflect.SliceHeader{Data: uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(argv)), Len: int(argc), Cap: int(argc)}
+	a := reflect.NewAt(reflect.TypeOf(A), unsafe.Pointer(&slice)).Elem().Interface()
+	for i, s := range a.([]*C.char) {
+		args[i] = C.GoString(s)
+	}
+	var vTab VTab
+	var err error
+	if isCreate == 1 {
+		vTab, err = m.module.Create(m.c, args)
+	} else {
+		vTab, err = m.module.Connect(m.c, args)
+	}
+
+	if err != nil {
+		*pzErr = mPrintf("%s", err.Error())
+		return 0
+	}
+	vt := sqliteVTab{m, vTab}
+	*pzErr = nil
+	return C.uintptr_t(newHandle(m.c, &vt))
+}
+
+//export goVRelease
+func goVRelease(pVTab unsafe.Pointer, isDestroy C.int) *C.char {
+	vt := lookupHandle(uintptr(pVTab)).(*sqliteVTab)
+	var err error
+	if isDestroy == 1 {
+		err = vt.vTab.Destroy()
+	} else {
+		err = vt.vTab.Disconnect()
+	}
+	if err != nil {
+		return mPrintf("%s", err.Error())
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+//export goVOpen
+func goVOpen(pVTab unsafe.Pointer, pzErr **C.char) C.uintptr_t {
+	vt := lookupHandle(uintptr(pVTab)).(*sqliteVTab)
+	vTabCursor, err := vt.vTab.Open()
+	if err != nil {
+		*pzErr = mPrintf("%s", err.Error())
+		return 0
+	}
+	vtc := sqliteVTabCursor{vt, vTabCursor}
+	*pzErr = nil
+	return C.uintptr_t(newHandle(vt.module.c, &vtc))
+}
+
+//export goVBestIndex
+func goVBestIndex(pVTab unsafe.Pointer, icp unsafe.Pointer) *C.char {
+	vt := lookupHandle(uintptr(pVTab)).(*sqliteVTab)
+	info := (*C.sqlite3_index_info)(icp)
+	csts := constraints(info)
+	res, err := vt.vTab.BestIndex(csts, orderBys(info))
+	if err != nil {
+		return mPrintf("%s", err.Error())
+	}
+	if len(res.Used) != len(csts) {
+		return mPrintf("Result.Used != expected value", "")
+	}
+
+	// Get a pointer to constraint_usage struct so we can update in place.
+	l := info.nConstraint
+	s := (*[1 << 30]C.struct_sqlite3_index_constraint_usage)(unsafe.Pointer(info.aConstraintUsage))[:l:l]
+	index := 1
+	for i := C.int(0); i < info.nConstraint; i++ {
+		if res.Used[i] {
+			s[i].argvIndex = C.int(index)
+			s[i].omit = C.uchar(1)
+			index++
+		}
+	}
+
+	info.idxNum = C.int(res.IdxNum)
+	idxStr := C.CString(res.IdxStr)
+	defer C.free(unsafe.Pointer(idxStr))
+	info.idxStr = idxStr
+	info.needToFreeIdxStr = C.int(0)
+	if res.AlreadyOrdered {
+		info.orderByConsumed = C.int(1)
+	}
+	info.estimatedCost = C.double(res.EstimatedCost)
+	info.estimatedRows = C.sqlite3_int64(res.EstimatedRows)
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+//export goVClose
+func goVClose(pCursor unsafe.Pointer) *C.char {
+	vtc := lookupHandle(uintptr(pCursor)).(*sqliteVTabCursor)
+	err := vtc.vTabCursor.Close()
+	if err != nil {
+		return mPrintf("%s", err.Error())
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+//export goMDestroy
+func goMDestroy(pClientData unsafe.Pointer) {
+	m := lookupHandle(uintptr(pClientData)).(*sqliteModule)
+	m.module.DestroyModule()
+}
+
+//export goVFilter
+func goVFilter(pCursor unsafe.Pointer, idxNum C.int, idxName *C.char, argc C.int, argv **C.sqlite3_value) *C.char {
+	vtc := lookupHandle(uintptr(pCursor)).(*sqliteVTabCursor)
+	args := (*[(math.MaxInt32 - 1) / unsafe.Sizeof((*C.sqlite3_value)(nil))]*C.sqlite3_value)(unsafe.Pointer(argv))[:argc:argc]
+	vals := make([]interface{}, 0, argc)
+	for _, v := range args {
+		conv, err := callbackArgGeneric(v)
+		if err != nil {
+			return mPrintf("%s", err.Error())
+		}
+		vals = append(vals, conv.Interface())
+	}
+	err := vtc.vTabCursor.Filter(int(idxNum), C.GoString(idxName), vals)
+	if err != nil {
+		return mPrintf("%s", err.Error())
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+//export goVNext
+func goVNext(pCursor unsafe.Pointer) *C.char {
+	vtc := lookupHandle(uintptr(pCursor)).(*sqliteVTabCursor)
+	err := vtc.vTabCursor.Next()
+	if err != nil {
+		return mPrintf("%s", err.Error())
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+//export goVEof
+func goVEof(pCursor unsafe.Pointer) C.int {
+	vtc := lookupHandle(uintptr(pCursor)).(*sqliteVTabCursor)
+	err := vtc.vTabCursor.EOF()
+	if err {
+		return 1
+	}
+	return 0
+}
+
+//export goVColumn
+func goVColumn(pCursor, cp unsafe.Pointer, col C.int) *C.char {
+	vtc := lookupHandle(uintptr(pCursor)).(*sqliteVTabCursor)
+	c := (*SQLiteContext)(cp)
+	err := vtc.vTabCursor.Column(c, int(col))
+	if err != nil {
+		return mPrintf("%s", err.Error())
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+//export goVRowid
+func goVRowid(pCursor unsafe.Pointer, pRowid *C.sqlite3_int64) *C.char {
+	vtc := lookupHandle(uintptr(pCursor)).(*sqliteVTabCursor)
+	rowid, err := vtc.vTabCursor.Rowid()
+	if err != nil {
+		return mPrintf("%s", err.Error())
+	}
+	*pRowid = C.sqlite3_int64(rowid)
+	return nil
+}
+
+//export goVUpdate
+func goVUpdate(pVTab unsafe.Pointer, argc C.int, argv **C.sqlite3_value, pRowid *C.sqlite3_int64) *C.char {
+	vt := lookupHandle(uintptr(pVTab)).(*sqliteVTab)
+
+	var tname string
+	if n, ok := vt.vTab.(interface {
+		TableName() string
+	}); ok {
+		tname = n.TableName() + " "
+	}
+
+	err := fmt.Errorf("virtual %s table %sis read-only", vt.module.name, tname)
+	if v, ok := vt.vTab.(VTabUpdater); ok {
+		// convert argv
+		args := (*[(math.MaxInt32 - 1) / unsafe.Sizeof((*C.sqlite3_value)(nil))]*C.sqlite3_value)(unsafe.Pointer(argv))[:argc:argc]
+		vals := make([]interface{}, 0, argc)
+		for _, v := range args {
+			conv, err := callbackArgGeneric(v)
+			if err != nil {
+				return mPrintf("%s", err.Error())
+			}
+
+			// work around for SQLITE_NULL
+			x := conv.Interface()
+			if z, ok := x.([]byte); ok && z == nil {
+				x = nil
+			}
+
+			vals = append(vals, x)
+		}
+
+		switch {
+		case argc == 1:
+			err = v.Delete(vals[0])
+
+		case argc > 1 && vals[0] == nil:
+			var id int64
+			id, err = v.Insert(vals[1], vals[2:])
+			if err == nil {
+				*pRowid = C.sqlite3_int64(id)
+			}
+
+		case argc > 1:
+			err = v.Update(vals[1], vals[2:])
+		}
+	}
+
+	if err != nil {
+		return mPrintf("%s", err.Error())
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+// Module is a "virtual table module", it defines the implementation of a
+// virtual tables. See: http://sqlite.org/c3ref/module.html
+type Module interface {
+	// http://sqlite.org/vtab.html#xcreate
+	Create(c *SQLiteConn, args []string) (VTab, error)
+	// http://sqlite.org/vtab.html#xconnect
+	Connect(c *SQLiteConn, args []string) (VTab, error)
+	// http://sqlite.org/c3ref/create_module.html
+	DestroyModule()
+}
+
+// VTab describes a particular instance of the virtual table.
+// See: http://sqlite.org/c3ref/vtab.html
+type VTab interface {
+	// http://sqlite.org/vtab.html#xbestindex
+	BestIndex([]InfoConstraint, []InfoOrderBy) (*IndexResult, error)
+	// http://sqlite.org/vtab.html#xdisconnect
+	Disconnect() error
+	// http://sqlite.org/vtab.html#sqlite3_module.xDestroy
+	Destroy() error
+	// http://sqlite.org/vtab.html#xopen
+	Open() (VTabCursor, error)
+}
+
+// VTabUpdater is a type that allows a VTab to be inserted, updated, or
+// deleted.
+// See: https://sqlite.org/vtab.html#xupdate
+type VTabUpdater interface {
+	Delete(interface{}) error
+	Insert(interface{}, []interface{}) (int64, error)
+	Update(interface{}, []interface{}) error
+}
+
+// VTabCursor describes cursors that point into the virtual table and are used
+// to loop through the virtual table. See: http://sqlite.org/c3ref/vtab_cursor.html
+type VTabCursor interface {
+	// http://sqlite.org/vtab.html#xclose
+	Close() error
+	// http://sqlite.org/vtab.html#xfilter
+	Filter(idxNum int, idxStr string, vals []interface{}) error
+	// http://sqlite.org/vtab.html#xnext
+	Next() error
+	// http://sqlite.org/vtab.html#xeof
+	EOF() bool
+	// http://sqlite.org/vtab.html#xcolumn
+	Column(c *SQLiteContext, col int) error
+	// http://sqlite.org/vtab.html#xrowid
+	Rowid() (int64, error)
+}
+
+// DeclareVTab declares the Schema of a virtual table.
+// See: http://sqlite.org/c3ref/declare_vtab.html
+func (c *SQLiteConn) DeclareVTab(sql string) error {
+	zSQL := C.CString(sql)
+	defer C.free(unsafe.Pointer(zSQL))
+	rv := C.sqlite3_declare_vtab(c.db, zSQL)
+	if rv != C.SQLITE_OK {
+		return c.lastError()
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+// CreateModule registers a virtual table implementation.
+// See: http://sqlite.org/c3ref/create_module.html
+func (c *SQLiteConn) CreateModule(moduleName string, module Module) error {
+	mname := C.CString(moduleName)
+	defer C.free(unsafe.Pointer(mname))
+	udm := sqliteModule{c, moduleName, module}
+	rv := C._sqlite3_create_module(c.db, mname, C.uintptr_t(newHandle(c, &udm)))
+	if rv != C.SQLITE_OK {
+		return c.lastError()
+	}
+	return nil
+}

sqlite3_vtable_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,485 @@
+// Copyright (C) 2014 Yasuhiro Matsumoto <mattn.jp@gmail.com>.
+//
+// Use of this source code is governed by an MIT-style
+// license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
+// +build vtable
+
+package sqlite3
+
+import (
+	"database/sql"
+	"errors"
+	"fmt"
+	"os"
+	"reflect"
+	"strings"
+	"testing"
+)
+
+type testModule struct {
+	t        *testing.T
+	intarray []int
+}
+
+type testVTab struct {
+	intarray []int
+}
+
+type testVTabCursor struct {
+	vTab  *testVTab
+	index int
+}
+
+func (m testModule) Create(c *SQLiteConn, args []string) (VTab, error) {
+	if len(args) != 6 {
+		m.t.Fatal("six arguments expected")
+	}
+	if args[0] != "test" {
+		m.t.Fatal("module name")
+	}
+	if args[1] != "main" {
+		m.t.Fatal("db name")
+	}
+	if args[2] != "vtab" {
+		m.t.Fatal("table name")
+	}
+	if args[3] != "'1'" {
+		m.t.Fatal("first arg")
+	}
+	if args[4] != "2" {
+		m.t.Fatal("second arg")
+	}
+	if args[5] != "three" {
+		m.t.Fatal("third argsecond arg")
+	}
+	err := c.DeclareVTab("CREATE TABLE x(test TEXT)")
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	return &testVTab{m.intarray}, nil
+}
+
+func (m testModule) Connect(c *SQLiteConn, args []string) (VTab, error) {
+	return m.Create(c, args)
+}
+
+func (m testModule) DestroyModule() {}
+
+func (v *testVTab) BestIndex(cst []InfoConstraint, ob []InfoOrderBy) (*IndexResult, error) {
+	used := make([]bool, 0, len(cst))
+	for range cst {
+		used = append(used, false)
+	}
+	return &IndexResult{
+		Used:           used,
+		IdxNum:         0,
+		IdxStr:         "test-index",
+		AlreadyOrdered: true,
+		EstimatedCost:  100,
+		EstimatedRows:  200,
+	}, nil
+}
+
+func (v *testVTab) Disconnect() error {
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (v *testVTab) Destroy() error {
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (v *testVTab) Open() (VTabCursor, error) {
+	return &testVTabCursor{v, 0}, nil
+}
+
+func (vc *testVTabCursor) Close() error {
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (vc *testVTabCursor) Filter(idxNum int, idxStr string, vals []interface{}) error {
+	vc.index = 0
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (vc *testVTabCursor) Next() error {
+	vc.index++
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (vc *testVTabCursor) EOF() bool {
+	return vc.index >= len(vc.vTab.intarray)
+}
+
+func (vc *testVTabCursor) Column(c *SQLiteContext, col int) error {
+	if col != 0 {
+		return fmt.Errorf("column index out of bounds: %d", col)
+	}
+	c.ResultInt(vc.vTab.intarray[vc.index])
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (vc *testVTabCursor) Rowid() (int64, error) {
+	return int64(vc.index), nil
+}
+
+func TestCreateModule(t *testing.T) {
+	tempFilename := TempFilename(t)
+	defer os.Remove(tempFilename)
+	intarray := []int{1, 2, 3}
+	sql.Register("sqlite3_TestCreateModule", &SQLiteDriver{
+		ConnectHook: func(conn *SQLiteConn) error {
+			return conn.CreateModule("test", testModule{t, intarray})
+		},
+	})
+	db, err := sql.Open("sqlite3_TestCreateModule", tempFilename)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("could not open db: %v", err)
+	}
+	_, err = db.Exec("CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE vtab USING test('1', 2, three)")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("could not create vtable: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	var i, value int
+	rows, err := db.Query("SELECT rowid, * FROM vtab WHERE test = '3'")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("couldn't select from virtual table: %v", err)
+	}
+	for rows.Next() {
+		rows.Scan(&i, &value)
+		if intarray[i] != value {
+			t.Fatalf("want %v but %v", intarray[i], value)
+		}
+	}
+
+	_, err = db.Exec("DROP TABLE vtab")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("couldn't drop virtual table: %v", err)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestVUpdate(t *testing.T) {
+	tempFilename := TempFilename(t)
+	defer os.Remove(tempFilename)
+
+	// create module
+	updateMod := &vtabUpdateModule{t, make(map[string]*vtabUpdateTable)}
+
+	// register module
+	sql.Register("sqlite3_TestVUpdate", &SQLiteDriver{
+		ConnectHook: func(conn *SQLiteConn) error {
+			return conn.CreateModule("updatetest", updateMod)
+		},
+	})
+
+	// connect
+	db, err := sql.Open("sqlite3_TestVUpdate", tempFilename)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("could not open db: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	// create test table
+	_, err = db.Exec(`CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE vt USING updatetest(f1 integer, f2 text, f3 text)`)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("could not create updatetest vtable vt, got: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	// check that table is defined properly
+	if len(updateMod.tables) != 1 {
+		t.Fatalf("expected exactly 1 table to exist, got: %d", len(updateMod.tables))
+	}
+	if _, ok := updateMod.tables["vt"]; !ok {
+		t.Fatalf("expected table `vt` to exist in tables")
+	}
+
+	// check nothing in updatetest
+	rows, err := db.Query(`select * from vt`)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("could not query vt, got: %v", err)
+	}
+	i, err := getRowCount(rows)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("expected no error, got: %v", err)
+	}
+	if i != 0 {
+		t.Fatalf("expected no rows in vt, got: %d", i)
+	}
+
+	_, err = db.Exec(`delete from vt where f1 = 'yes'`)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("expected error on delete, got nil")
+	}
+
+	// test bad column name
+	_, err = db.Exec(`insert into vt (f4) values('a')`)
+	if err == nil {
+		t.Fatalf("expected error on insert, got nil")
+	}
+
+	// insert to vt
+	res, err := db.Exec(`insert into vt (f1, f2, f3) values (115, 'b', 'c'), (116, 'd', 'e')`)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("expected no error on insert, got: %v", err)
+	}
+	n, err := res.RowsAffected()
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("expected no error, got: %v", err)
+	}
+	if n != 2 {
+		t.Fatalf("expected 1 row affected, got: %d", n)
+	}
+
+	// check vt table
+	vt := updateMod.tables["vt"]
+	if len(vt.data) != 2 {
+		t.Fatalf("expected table vt to have exactly 2 rows, got: %d", len(vt.data))
+	}
+	if !reflect.DeepEqual(vt.data[0], []interface{}{int64(115), "b", "c"}) {
+		t.Fatalf("expected table vt entry 0 to be [115 b c], instead: %v", vt.data[0])
+	}
+	if !reflect.DeepEqual(vt.data[1], []interface{}{int64(116), "d", "e"}) {
+		t.Fatalf("expected table vt entry 1 to be [116 d e], instead: %v", vt.data[1])
+	}
+
+	// query vt
+	var f1 int
+	var f2, f3 string
+	err = db.QueryRow(`select * from vt where f1 = 115`).Scan(&f1, &f2, &f3)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("expected no error on vt query, got: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	// check column values
+	if f1 != 115 || f2 != "b" || f3 != "c" {
+		t.Errorf("expected f1==115, f2==b, f3==c, got: %d, %q, %q", f1, f2, f3)
+	}
+
+	// update vt
+	res, err = db.Exec(`update vt set f1=117, f2='f' where f3='e'`)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("expected no error, got: %v", err)
+	}
+	n, err = res.RowsAffected()
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("expected no error, got: %v", err)
+	}
+	if n != 1 {
+		t.Fatalf("expected exactly one row updated, got: %d", n)
+	}
+
+	// check vt table
+	if len(vt.data) != 2 {
+		t.Fatalf("expected table vt to have exactly 2 rows, got: %d", len(vt.data))
+	}
+	if !reflect.DeepEqual(vt.data[0], []interface{}{int64(115), "b", "c"}) {
+		t.Fatalf("expected table vt entry 0 to be [115 b c], instead: %v", vt.data[0])
+	}
+	if !reflect.DeepEqual(vt.data[1], []interface{}{int64(117), "f", "e"}) {
+		t.Fatalf("expected table vt entry 1 to be [117 f e], instead: %v", vt.data[1])
+	}
+
+	// delete from vt
+	res, err = db.Exec(`delete from vt where f1 = 117`)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("expected no error, got: %v", err)
+	}
+	n, err = res.RowsAffected()
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("expected no error, got: %v", err)
+	}
+	if n != 1 {
+		t.Fatalf("expected exactly one row deleted, got: %d", n)
+	}
+
+	// check vt table
+	if len(vt.data) != 1 {
+		t.Fatalf("expected table vt to have exactly 1 row, got: %d", len(vt.data))
+	}
+	if !reflect.DeepEqual(vt.data[0], []interface{}{int64(115), "b", "c"}) {
+		t.Fatalf("expected table vt entry 0 to be [115 b c], instead: %v", vt.data[0])
+	}
+
+	// check updatetest has 1 result
+	rows, err = db.Query(`select * from vt`)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("could not query vt, got: %v", err)
+	}
+	i, err = getRowCount(rows)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("expected no error, got: %v", err)
+	}
+	if i != 1 {
+		t.Fatalf("expected 1 row in vt, got: %d", i)
+	}
+}
+
+func getRowCount(rows *sql.Rows) (int, error) {
+	var i int
+	for rows.Next() {
+		i++
+	}
+	return i, nil
+}
+
+type vtabUpdateModule struct {
+	t      *testing.T
+	tables map[string]*vtabUpdateTable
+}
+
+func (m *vtabUpdateModule) Create(c *SQLiteConn, args []string) (VTab, error) {
+	if len(args) < 2 {
+		return nil, errors.New("must declare at least one column")
+	}
+
+	// get database name, table name, and column declarations ...
+	dbname, tname, decls := args[1], args[2], args[3:]
+
+	// extract column names + types from parameters declarations
+	cols, typs := make([]string, len(decls)), make([]string, len(decls))
+	for i := 0; i < len(decls); i++ {
+		n, typ := decls[i], ""
+		if j := strings.IndexAny(n, " \t\n"); j != -1 {
+			typ, n = strings.TrimSpace(n[j+1:]), n[:j]
+		}
+		cols[i], typs[i] = n, typ
+	}
+
+	// declare table
+	err := c.DeclareVTab(fmt.Sprintf(`CREATE TABLE "%s"."%s" (%s)`, dbname, tname, strings.Join(decls, ",")))
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	// create table
+	vtab := &vtabUpdateTable{m.t, dbname, tname, cols, typs, make([][]interface{}, 0)}
+	m.tables[tname] = vtab
+	return vtab, nil
+}
+
+func (m *vtabUpdateModule) Connect(c *SQLiteConn, args []string) (VTab, error) {
+	return m.Create(c, args)
+}
+
+func (m *vtabUpdateModule) DestroyModule() {}
+
+type vtabUpdateTable struct {
+	t    *testing.T
+	db   string
+	name string
+	cols []string
+	typs []string
+	data [][]interface{}
+}
+
+func (t *vtabUpdateTable) Open() (VTabCursor, error) {
+	return &vtabUpdateCursor{t, 0}, nil
+}
+
+func (t *vtabUpdateTable) BestIndex(cst []InfoConstraint, ob []InfoOrderBy) (*IndexResult, error) {
+	return &IndexResult{Used: make([]bool, len(cst))}, nil
+}
+
+func (t *vtabUpdateTable) Disconnect() error {
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (t *vtabUpdateTable) Destroy() error {
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (t *vtabUpdateTable) Insert(id interface{}, vals []interface{}) (int64, error) {
+	var i int64
+	if id == nil {
+		i, t.data = int64(len(t.data)), append(t.data, vals)
+		return i, nil
+	}
+
+	var ok bool
+	i, ok = id.(int64)
+	if !ok {
+		return 0, fmt.Errorf("id is invalid type: %T", id)
+	}
+
+	t.data[i] = vals
+
+	return i, nil
+}
+
+func (t *vtabUpdateTable) Update(id interface{}, vals []interface{}) error {
+	i, ok := id.(int64)
+	if !ok {
+		return fmt.Errorf("id is invalid type: %T", id)
+	}
+
+	if int(i) >= len(t.data) || i < 0 {
+		return fmt.Errorf("invalid row id %d", i)
+	}
+
+	t.data[int(i)] = vals
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (t *vtabUpdateTable) Delete(id interface{}) error {
+	i, ok := id.(int64)
+	if !ok {
+		return fmt.Errorf("id is invalid type: %T", id)
+	}
+
+	if int(i) >= len(t.data) || i < 0 {
+		return fmt.Errorf("invalid row id %d", i)
+	}
+
+	t.data = append(t.data[:i], t.data[i+1:]...)
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+type vtabUpdateCursor struct {
+	t *vtabUpdateTable
+	i int
+}
+
+func (c *vtabUpdateCursor) Column(ctxt *SQLiteContext, col int) error {
+	switch x := c.t.data[c.i][col].(type) {
+	case []byte:
+		ctxt.ResultBlob(x)
+	case bool:
+		ctxt.ResultBool(x)
+	case float64:
+		ctxt.ResultDouble(x)
+	case int:
+		ctxt.ResultInt(x)
+	case int64:
+		ctxt.ResultInt64(x)
+	case nil:
+		ctxt.ResultNull()
+	case string:
+		ctxt.ResultText(x)
+	default:
+		ctxt.ResultText(fmt.Sprintf("%v", x))
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (c *vtabUpdateCursor) Filter(ixNum int, ixName string, vals []interface{}) error {
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (c *vtabUpdateCursor) Next() error {
+	c.i++
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (c *vtabUpdateCursor) EOF() bool {
+	return c.i >= len(c.t.data)
+}
+
+func (c *vtabUpdateCursor) Rowid() (int64, error) {
+	return int64(c.i), nil
+}
+
+func (c *vtabUpdateCursor) Close() error {
+	return nil
+}

sqlite3ext.h

@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+#ifndef USE_LIBSQLITE3
 /*
 ** 2006 June 7
 **
@@ -15,11 +16,9 @@
 ** as extensions by SQLite should #include this file instead of 
 ** sqlite3.h.
 */
-#ifndef _SQLITE3EXT_H_
+#ifndef SQLITE3EXT_H
-#define _SQLITE3EXT_H_
+#define SQLITE3EXT_H
-#include "sqlite3-binding.h"
+#include "sqlite3.h"
-
-typedef struct sqlite3_api_routines sqlite3_api_routines;
 
 /*
 ** The following structure holds pointers to all of the SQLite API
@@ -279,8 +278,23 @@ struct sqlite3_api_routines {
   int (*status64)(int,sqlite3_int64*,sqlite3_int64*,int);
   int (*strlike)(const char*,const char*,unsigned int);
   int (*db_cacheflush)(sqlite3*);
+  /* Version 3.12.0 and later */
+  int (*system_errno)(sqlite3*);
+  /* Version 3.14.0 and later */
+  int (*trace_v2)(sqlite3*,unsigned,int(*)(unsigned,void*,void*,void*),void*);
+  char *(*expanded_sql)(sqlite3_stmt*);
 };
 
+/*
+** This is the function signature used for all extension entry points.  It
+** is also defined in the file "loadext.c".
+*/
+typedef int (*sqlite3_loadext_entry)(
+  sqlite3 *db,                       /* Handle to the database. */
+  char **pzErrMsg,                   /* Used to set error string on failure. */
+  const sqlite3_api_routines *pThunk /* Extension API function pointers. */
+);
+
 /*
 ** The following macros redefine the API routines so that they are
 ** redirected through the global sqlite3_api structure.
@@ -522,6 +536,11 @@ struct sqlite3_api_routines {
 #define sqlite3_status64               sqlite3_api->status64
 #define sqlite3_strlike                sqlite3_api->strlike
 #define sqlite3_db_cacheflush          sqlite3_api->db_cacheflush
+/* Version 3.12.0 and later */
+#define sqlite3_system_errno           sqlite3_api->system_errno
+/* Version 3.14.0 and later */
+#define sqlite3_trace_v2               sqlite3_api->trace_v2
+#define sqlite3_expanded_sql           sqlite3_api->expanded_sql
 #endif /* !defined(SQLITE_CORE) && !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_LOAD_EXTENSION) */
 
 #if !defined(SQLITE_CORE) && !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_LOAD_EXTENSION)
@@ -539,4 +558,8 @@ struct sqlite3_api_routines {
 # define SQLITE_EXTENSION_INIT3     /*no-op*/
 #endif
 
-#endif /* _SQLITE3EXT_H_ */
+#endif /* SQLITE3EXT_H */
+#else // USE_LIBSQLITE3
+ // If users really want to link against the system sqlite3 we
+// need to make this file a noop.
+ #endif

tool/upgrade.go

@@ -0,0 +1,99 @@
+// +build ignore
+
+package main
+
+import (
+	"archive/zip"
+	"bytes"
+	"fmt"
+	"io"
+	"io/ioutil"
+	"log"
+	"net/http"
+	"os"
+	"path"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"strings"
+
+	"github.com/PuerkitoBio/goquery"
+)
+
+func main() {
+	site := "https://www.sqlite.org/download.html"
+	fmt.Printf("scraping %v\n", site)
+	doc, err := goquery.NewDocument(site)
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	var url string
+	doc.Find("a").Each(func(_ int, s *goquery.Selection) {
+		if url == "" && strings.HasPrefix(s.Text(), "sqlite-amalgamation-") {
+			url = "https://www.sqlite.org/2017/" + s.Text()
+		}
+	})
+	if url == "" {
+		return
+	}
+	fmt.Printf("downloading %v\n", url)
+	resp, err := http.Get(url)
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	b, err := ioutil.ReadAll(resp.Body)
+	if err != nil {
+		resp.Body.Close()
+		log.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	fmt.Printf("extracting %v\n", path.Base(url))
+	r, err := zip.NewReader(bytes.NewReader(b), resp.ContentLength)
+	if err != nil {
+		resp.Body.Close()
+		log.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	resp.Body.Close()
+
+	for _, zf := range r.File {
+		var f *os.File
+		switch path.Base(zf.Name) {
+		case "sqlite3.c":
+			f, err = os.Create("sqlite3-binding.c")
+		case "sqlite3.h":
+			f, err = os.Create("sqlite3-binding.h")
+		case "sqlite3ext.h":
+			f, err = os.Create("sqlite3ext.h")
+		default:
+			continue
+		}
+		if err != nil {
+			log.Fatal(err)
+		}
+		zr, err := zf.Open()
+		if err != nil {
+			log.Fatal(err)
+		}
+
+		_, err = io.WriteString(f, "#ifndef USE_LIBSQLITE3\n")
+		if err != nil {
+			zr.Close()
+			f.Close()
+			log.Fatal(err)
+		}
+		_, err = io.Copy(f, zr)
+		if err != nil {
+			zr.Close()
+			f.Close()
+			log.Fatal(err)
+		}
+		_, err = io.WriteString(f, "#else // USE_LIBSQLITE3\n // If users really want to link against the system sqlite3 we\n// need to make this file a noop.\n #endif")
+		if err != nil {
+			zr.Close()
+			f.Close()
+			log.Fatal(err)
+		}
+		zr.Close()
+		f.Close()
+		fmt.Printf("extracted %v\n", filepath.Base(f.Name()))
+	}
+}