av/revid/audio-input.go

/*
NAME
  audio-input.go

AUTHOR
  Trek Hopton <trek@ausocean.org>

LICENSE
  audio-input.go is Copyright (C) 2019 the Australian Ocean Lab (AusOcean)

  It is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify them
  under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the
  Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or (at your
  option) any later version.

  It is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
  ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
  FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License
  for more details.

  You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License in gpl.txt.
  If not, see [GNU licenses](http://www.gnu.org/licenses).
*/

package revid

import (
	"errors"
	"fmt"
	"io"
	"sync"
	"time"

	"github.com/yobert/alsa"

	"bitbucket.org/ausocean/av/codec/pcm"
	"bitbucket.org/ausocean/iot/pi/smartlogger"
	"bitbucket.org/ausocean/utils/logger"
	"bitbucket.org/ausocean/utils/ring"
)

const (
	logPath       = "/var/log/netsender"
	rbDuration    = 300 // seconds
	rbTimeout     = 100 * time.Millisecond
	rbNextTimeout = 100 * time.Millisecond
)

var log *logger.Logger

// AudioInput holds everything we need to know about the audio input stream.
// NB: At 44100 Hz frame rate, 2 channels and 16-bit samples, a period of 5 seconds
// results in PCM data chunks of 882000 bytes! A longer period exceeds datastore's 1MB blob limit.
type AudioInput struct {
	mu     sync.Mutex // mu protects the AudioInput.
	mode   string     // operating mode, either "Normal" or "Paused"
	source string     // name of audio source, or empty for the default source

	dev       *alsa.Device // audio input device
	ab        alsa.Buffer  // ALSA's buffer
	rb        *ring.Buffer // our buffer
	chunkSize int
	vs        int // our "var sum" to track var changes

	*AudioConfig
}

// AudioConfig provides parameters used by AudioInput.
type AudioConfig struct {
	SampleRate int
	Channels   int
	BitDepth   int
	RecPeriod  int
	Codec      uint8
}

// NewAudioInput starts recording audio and returns an AudioInput struct which the audio can be read from.
func NewAudioInput(cfg *AudioConfig) *AudioInput {

	logLevel := int(logger.Debug)

	validLogLevel := true
	if logLevel < int(logger.Debug) || logLevel > int(logger.Fatal) {
		logLevel = int(logger.Info)
		validLogLevel = false
	}

	logSender := smartlogger.New(logPath)
	log = logger.New(int8(logLevel), &logSender.LogRoller)
	log.Log(logger.Info, "log-netsender: Logger Initialized")
	if !validLogLevel {
		log.Log(logger.Error, "Invalid log level was defaulted to Info")
	}

	a := &AudioInput{}
	a.AudioConfig = cfg

	// Open the requested audio device.
	err := a.open()
	if err != nil {
		log.Log(logger.Fatal, "alsa.open failed", "error", err.Error())
	}

	// Capture audio in periods of a.RecPeriod seconds, and buffer rbDuration seconds in total.
	a.ab = a.dev.NewBufferDuration(time.Second * time.Duration(a.RecPeriod))
	a.chunkSize = (((len(a.ab.Data) / a.dev.BufferFormat().Channels) * a.Channels) / a.dev.BufferFormat().Rate) * a.SampleRate
	rbLen := rbDuration / a.RecPeriod
	a.rb = ring.NewBuffer(rbLen, a.chunkSize, rbTimeout)

	go a.input()

	return a
}

func (a *AudioInput) ChunkSize() int {
	return a.chunkSize
}

// open or re-open the recording device with the given name and prepare it to record.
// If name is empty, the first recording device is used.
func (a *AudioInput) open() error {
	if a.dev != nil {
		log.Log(logger.Debug, "Closing", "source", a.source)
		a.dev.Close()
		a.dev = nil
	}
	log.Log(logger.Debug, "Opening", "source", a.source)

	cards, err := alsa.OpenCards()
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}
	defer alsa.CloseCards(cards)

	for _, card := range cards {
		devices, err := card.Devices()
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		for _, dev := range devices {
			if dev.Type != alsa.PCM || !dev.Record {
				continue
			}
			if dev.Title == a.source || a.source == "" {
				a.dev = dev
				break
			}
		}
	}

	if a.dev == nil {
		return errors.New("No audio source found")
	}
	log.Log(logger.Debug, "Found audio source", "source", a.dev.Title)

	// ToDo: time out if Open takes too long.
	err = a.dev.Open()
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}
	log.Log(logger.Debug, "Opened audio source")

	// 2 channels is what most devices need to record in. If mono is requested,
	// the recording will be converted in formatBuffer().
	_, err = a.dev.NegotiateChannels(2)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}

	// Try to negotiate a rate to record in that is divisible by the wanted rate
	// so that it can be easily downsampled to the wanted rate.
	// Note: if a card thinks it can record at a rate but can't actually, this can cause a failure. Eg.
	// the audioinjector is supposed to record at 8000Hz and 16000Hz but it can't due to a firmware issue,
	// to fix this 8000 and 16000 must be removed from this slice.
	rates := [8]int{8000, 16000, 32000, 44100, 48000, 88200, 96000, 192000}
	foundRate := false
	for i := 0; i < len(rates) && !foundRate; i++ {
		if rates[i] < a.SampleRate {
			continue
		}
		if rates[i]%a.SampleRate == 0 {
			_, err = a.dev.NegotiateRate(rates[i])
			if err == nil {
				foundRate = true
				log.Log(logger.Debug, "Sample rate set", "rate", rates[i])
			}
		}
	}

	// If no easily divisible rate is found, then use the default rate.
	if !foundRate {
		log.Log(logger.Warning, "Unable to sample at requested rate, default used.", "rateRequested", a.SampleRate)
		_, err = a.dev.NegotiateRate(defaultSampleRate)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		log.Log(logger.Debug, "Sample rate set", "rate", defaultSampleRate)
	}

	var aFmt alsa.FormatType
	switch a.BitDepth {
	case 16:
		aFmt = alsa.S16_LE
	case 32:
		aFmt = alsa.S32_LE
	default:
		return fmt.Errorf("Unsupported sample bits %v\n", a.BitDepth)
	}
	_, err = a.dev.NegotiateFormat(aFmt)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}

	// Either 8192 or 16384 bytes is a reasonable ALSA buffer size.
	_, err = a.dev.NegotiateBufferSize(8192, 16384)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}

	if err = a.dev.Prepare(); err != nil {
		return err
	}
	log.Log(logger.Debug, "Successfully negotiated ALSA params")
	return nil
}

// input continously records audio and writes it to the ringbuffer.
// Re-opens the device and tries again if ASLA returns an error.
// Spends a lot of time sleeping in Paused mode.
// ToDo: Currently, reading audio and writing to the ringbuffer are synchronous.
// Need a way to asynchronously read from the ALSA buffer, i.e.,  _while_ it is recording to avoid any gaps.
func (a *AudioInput) input() {
	for {
		a.mu.Lock()
		mode := a.mode
		a.mu.Unlock()
		if mode == "Paused" {
			time.Sleep(time.Duration(a.RecPeriod) * time.Second)
			continue
		}
		log.Log(logger.Debug, "Recording audio for period", "seconds", a.RecPeriod)
		a.mu.Lock()
		err := a.dev.Read(a.ab.Data)
		a.mu.Unlock()
		if err != nil {
			log.Log(logger.Debug, "Device.Read failed", "error", err.Error())
			a.mu.Lock()
			err = a.open() // re-open
			if err != nil {
				log.Log(logger.Fatal, "alsa.open failed", "error", err.Error())
			}
			a.mu.Unlock()
			continue
		}

		toWrite := a.formatBuffer()

		log.Log(logger.Debug, "Audio format conversion has been performed where needed")

		var n int
		n, err = a.rb.Write(toWrite.Data)
		switch err {
		case nil:
			log.Log(logger.Debug, "Wrote audio to ringbuffer", "length", n)
		case ring.ErrDropped:
			log.Log(logger.Warning, "Dropped audio")
		default:
			log.Log(logger.Error, "Unexpected ringbuffer error", "error", err.Error())
			return
		}
	}
}

// Read reads a full PCM chunk from the ringbuffer, returning the number of bytes read upon success.
// Any errors returned are unexpected and should be considered fatal.
func (a *AudioInput) Read(p []byte) (n int, err error) {
	chunk, err := a.rb.Next(rbNextTimeout)
	switch err {
	case nil:
		// Do nothing.
	case ring.ErrTimeout:
		return 0, nil
	case io.EOF:
		log.Log(logger.Error, "Unexpected EOF from ring.Next")
		return 0, io.ErrUnexpectedEOF
	default:
		log.Log(logger.Error, "Unexpected error from ring.Next", "error", err.Error())
		return 0, err
	}
	n, err = io.ReadFull(a.rb, p[:chunk.Len()])
	if err != nil {
		log.Log(logger.Error, "Unexpected error from ring.Read", "error", err.Error())
		return n, err
	}

	log.Log(logger.Debug, "Read audio from ringbuffer", "length", n)
	return n, nil
}

// formatBuffer returns an ALSA buffer that has the recording data from the ac's original ALSA buffer but stored
// in the desired format specified by the ac's parameters.
func (a *AudioInput) formatBuffer() alsa.Buffer {
	var err error
	a.mu.Lock()
	wantChannels := a.Channels
	wantRate := a.SampleRate
	a.mu.Unlock()

	// If nothing needs to be changed, return the original.
	if a.ab.Format.Channels == wantChannels && a.ab.Format.Rate == wantRate {
		return a.ab
	}

	formatted := alsa.Buffer{Format: a.ab.Format}
	bufCopied := false
	if a.ab.Format.Channels != wantChannels {

		// Convert channels.
		if a.ab.Format.Channels == 2 && wantChannels == 1 {
			if formatted.Data, err = pcm.StereoToMono(a.ab); err != nil {
				log.Log(logger.Warning, "Channel conversion failed, audio has remained stereo", "error", err.Error())
			} else {
				formatted.Format.Channels = 1
			}
			bufCopied = true
		}
	}

	if a.ab.Format.Rate != wantRate {

		// Convert rate.
		if bufCopied {
			formatted.Data, err = pcm.Resample(formatted, wantRate)
		} else {
			formatted.Data, err = pcm.Resample(a.ab, wantRate)
		}
		if err != nil {
			log.Log(logger.Warning, "Rate conversion failed, audio has remained original rate", "error", err.Error())
		} else {
			formatted.Format.Rate = wantRate
		}
	}
	return formatted
}